Tournament: presentation | Round: 2 | Opponent: evergeen valley vs | Judge: christine chen
The value is justice
Political philosophy  is distinct from moral claims, and implies consent among the ruled. 

Rhonheimer 5 MARTIN RHONHEIMER 5 Prof Of Philosophy at The Pontifical University of the Holy Cross in Rome. “THE POLITICAL ETHOS OF CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY AND THE PLACE OF NATURAL LAW IN PUBLIC REASON: RAWLS’S “POLITICAL LIBERALISM” REVISITED” The American Journal of Jurisprudence vol. 50 (2005), pp. 1-70
It is a fundamental feature of political philosophy to be part of practical philosophy.
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ruled, but who potentially at the same time are also the rulers.

Implies util
Woller 97 Woller, Gary BYU Prof., “An Overview by Gary Woller”, A Forum on the Role of Environmental Ethics, June 1997, pg. 10

Moreover, virtually all public policies entail some redistribution of economic or political resources
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perhaps at times a necessary, basis for public policy in a democracy.

The standard is negative preference util. Prefer:
First is universality
Hare  91 R.M. White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Oxford from 1966 until 1983. “Universal Prescriptivism.” Originally published in Peter Singer, A Companion to Ethics (Blackwell Publishers, 1991) AJ
A possible move for one who is looking for the necessary constraints on moral thinking
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187)- a distinction of which Kant and the utilitarians are well aware.

Second Consequences are the only morally relevant determination since they’re the only form of value we can experience.
Harris 10 Sam, 2010. CEO Project Reason; PHD UCLA Neuroscience; BA Stanford Philosophy.  The Moral Landscape: How Science Can Determine Human Values.”
Here is my (consequentialist) starting point: all questions of value (right
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, therefore, consequences and conscious states remain the foundation of all values.
Third Equal ends mandate util
Rakowski 93 Eric Rakowski  Taking and Saving Lives Author(s): Eric Rakowski Source: Columbia Law Review, Vol. 93, No. 5, (Jun., 1993), pp. 1063-1156 Published by: Columbia Law Review Association, Inc. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1122960
On one side, it presses toward the consequentialist view that individuals' status as moral
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the more numerous group, even if she must kill to do so.

Fourth, No act omission distinction
A) The act omission distinction doesn’t apply to states
Sunstein and Vermuele Cass R. Sunstein and Adrian Vermeule. The University of Chicago Law School. “Is Capital Punishment Morally Required? The Relevance of Life?Life Tradeoffs.” JOHN M. OLIN LAW and ECONOMICS WORKING PAPER NO. 239. The Chicago Working Paper Series. March 2005 AJ

In our view, both the argument from causation and the argument from intention go
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a set of policy instruments that do not adequately or fully discourage it.

B) Ommissions don’t exist since they involve the positive choice not to act making them a willed action. 

C) The act-omission distinction undermines the normative force of all ethical systems by allowing actors to avoid guilt for moral harms that result from their negligence. 

Baron et al Mark Spranca, Elisa Minsk, and Jonathan Baron (University of Pennsylvania), “Omission and commission in judgment and choice,” 1991, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 27, 76-105

An alternative view (Singer, 1979; Baron, 1986) is that omission
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for those who want to be irresponsible without guilt. feelings or regret.

Contention
Advantage one is lefitist parties
Shutdown hurt republican cred but they are slightly ahead, turnout is the biggest factor.
Larosa October 1 (Micheal) (Producer at MSNBC's Hardball with Chris Matthews) “Polls show opportunity for Dems in 2014” 11:25 AM on 10/01/2013 MSNBCRT
The polls show that the majority Americans will blame the GOP—not President Obama
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couple weeks will reveal if the shutdown is that motivating factor for voters.

CV solves gerrymandering and votes go left.
de Leon 13, (Fernanda, (Assistant Professor, School of Economics, University of East Anglia), “Adding Ideology to the Equation: New Predictions for Election Results under Compulsory Voting”, April 15, 2013) RT
I then apply this insight to the American data, constructing counterfactual voters’ preferences (
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, while this system would be detrimental for highly voted-for candidates.
CV means the suppressed turn out and vote for the left.  
Lexington 12 “If America had compulsory voting, would Democrats win every election?” Sep 28th 2012, 2:26 by Lexington The Economist 

Democrats are pretty convinced that voter suppression is precisely what their Republican foes are up
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recipients do not vote, I asked him? He did not agree.
CV raises turnout comparative cross country and within country analysis proves.
Engelen 07 Bart Engelen. Research Assistant of the Fund for Scientific Research – Flanders (Belgium), Centre for Economics and Ethics. “Why Compulsory Voting Can Enhance Democracy.” Acta Politica, 2007, 42, (23–39). r 2007 Palgrave Macmillan Ltd AJ
Although this seems immediately plausible, I want to show that introducing compulsory voting does
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reinforce each other (Keaney and Rogers, 2006, 18–20).

Scenario one is warming
A Democratic Congress leads to multiple solutions to warming that solve and cement climate leadership
Purvis et al., German Marshall Fund senior fellow, 2013
(Nigel, “Setting the New U.S. Climate and Clean Energy Agenda”, 5-14, http://blog.gmfus.org/2013/05/14/setting-the-new-u-s-climate-and-clean-energy-agenda/, ldg)

In early May, scientists stationed at a national observatory in Hawaii announced a new
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has several opportunities to step up climate leadership and win further emissions reductions.
Republicans reject warming, a less conservative face is key
Germain et al 13 (Tiffany, (Guest Blogger) Koronowski, Ryan And Spross, Jeff) “The Anti-Science Climate Denier Caucus: 113th Congress Edition” JUNE 26, 2013 AT 9:55 AM Climate Progress http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2013/06/26/2202141/anti-science-climate-denier-caucus-113th-congress-edition/
In May, atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide reached 400 parts per million for the
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said climate change is not happening or that humans do not cause it. 

Warming is real, anthropogenic and causes extinction
Flournoy 12 – Dan Flournoy, PhD and MA from the University of Texas, Former Dean of the University College at Ohio University, Former Associate Dean at State University of New York and Case Institute of Technology, Project Manager for University/Industry Experiments for the NASA ACTS Satellite, Currently Professor of Telecommunications at Scripps College of Communications @ Ohio University, January 2012, "Solar Power Satellites," Springer Briefs in Space Development
In the Online Journal of Space Communication , Dr. Feng Hsu, a NASA
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our Sun” (Hsu 2010 ) (Fig . 2.1 ). 

Scenario two is Multilar
Turnout is not sufficient in florida
Sherman 12  Amy, “Was therer a record voter turnout in 2012?” 12.08.12http:www.miamiherald.com/2012/12/08/3132005_p2/was-there-a-record-voter-turnout.html#storylink=cpy

A few days after the election, a CNN reporter asked Florida Secretary of State
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not the highest turnout by percentage. We rate Detzner’s claim Mostly True.

Republicans, specifically those in floridas 27th oppose the embargo.
NY Times 12 (“Easing of Restraints in Cuba Renews Debate on U.S. Embargo”, November 19th, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/20/world/americas/changes-in-cuba-create-support-for-easing-embargo.html?pagewanted=alland_r=0)

And Cuba has a long history of tossing ice on warming relations. The latest
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reforms’ while, in reality, it’s tightening its grip on its people.”

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Lifting the embargo solves perception conflict resolution—this spills over to conflict prevention
Dickerson 10 – Lieutenant Colonel, US Army, paper submitted in fulfillment of a Master of Strategic Studies Degree at the US Army War College (Sergio M, “UNITED STATES SECURITY STRATEGY TOWARDS CUBA,” 1/14/10, http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a518053.pdf)
At the international political level, President Obama sees resuming relations with Cuba as a
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decline in the greater global order bringing true peace for years to come.
Global competition is inevitable—bolstering relations with non-democratic powers is key to maintaining peaceful relations with rising powers and preventing great-power conflict
Fujimoto 2012 (Kevin, Lt. Colonel, U.S. Army, January 11, 2012, “Preserving U.S. National Security Interests Through a Liberal World Construct,” http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/index.cfm/articles/Preserving-US-National-Security-Interests-Liberal-World-Construct/2012/1/11)
The emergence of peer competitors, not terrorism, presents the greatest long-term
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protect its interests later when we are no longer the world's only superpower.
The brink is now—China and Russia are balancing against the US
Gelb and Simes 7/6 Leslie, a former columnist, editor and correspondent for The New York Times, is president emeritus of the Council on Foreign Relations, and Dimitri, president of the Center for the National Interest and publisher of its magazine, The National Interest, “A New Anti-American Axis?” http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/07/opinion/sunday/a-new-anti-american-axis.html?ref=opinionand_r=0andpagewanted=all
Beyond their protection of Mr. Snowden, Chinese-Russian policies toward Syria have
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and what it means for America. To ignore it would be foolish.
Counterbalancing causes global nuclear escalation—multilateralism is key
Roberts 7 (Paul Craig, Senior Research Fellow @ the Hoover Institution, Stanford University, William E. Simon Chairin Political Economy, Center for Strategic and International Studies “US Hegemony Spawns Russian-Chinese Military Alliance,”http:www.lewrockwell.com/roberts/roberts218.html)
This week the Russian and Chinese militaries are conducting a joint military exercise involving large
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regime is the most irresponsibly aggressive regime the world has seen since Hitler’s. 

Advantage two is income inequality
Inequality growing now
The Economist September 21 “Growing apart America’s income inequality is growing again. Time to cut subsidies to the rich and invest in the young” Sep 21st 2013 http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21586578-americas-income-inequality-growing-again-time-cut-subsidies-rich-and-invest
But the main message is a grim one. Most of the growth is going
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Reserve, largely because he was seen as too soft on Wall Street.

Extensive survey data complements the synthetic control method – income is consistently higher in CV countries.
Chong and Olivera 08 Alberto Chong and Mauricio Olivera. “DOES COMPULSORY VOTING HELP EQUALIZE INCOMES?” Economics and Politics, Volume 20, Number 3. November 2008. Blackwell Publishing AJ
This paper explores the link between compulsory voting and income distribution using a cross-
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the assumption that bureaucratic costs related with design and implementation are not excessive.

A synthetic control study of Venezuela proves income inequality increased more than it would have otherwise due to the
Carey and Horiuchi 13 John M. Carey (John Wentworth Professor in the
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the Department of Government at Dartmouth College on April 30, 2013 AJ
For matters of inference, keeping the issue of redistribution out of debates over compulsory
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increasing economic inequality in the 1990s above levels Venezuelans would otherwise have experienced.

Inequality collapses the economy 4 warrants.
Smith 10 Yves,  “Guest Post: Extreme Income Inequality Helped Cause Both the Great Depression and the Current Economic Crisis” Naked Capitalism. December 17, 2010 http://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2010/12/guest-post-extreme-inequality-helped-cause-both-the-great-depression-and-the-current-economic-crisis.html

Robert Reich has theorized for some time that there are 3 causal connections between inequality
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rewarding for more of the people,” she wrote in a 2006 speech.
Economic collapse causes nuclear war-resource wars Broward:
((Member of Triond) http://newsflavor.com/opinions/will-an-economic-collapse-kill-you/)
Now its time to look at the consequences of a failing world economy. With
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the economy is the most important issue facing us in the 21st century.

Nuclear war causes extinction Phillips:
PHILLIPS 2000 (Dr. Allen, Peace Activist, Nuclear Winter Revisited, October, http://www.peace.ca/nuclearwinterrevisited.htm)
Those of us who were involved in peace activities in the 80's probably remember a
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after a few generations of hunger and disease, in a radioactive environment.