Tournament: VBI Los Angeles | Round: 5 | Opponent: Patrick Hong | Judge: Maddy Ober
I affirm the resolution resolved, just governments ought to ensure food security for the citizens.

Part 1 is the Framework

Presume aff because ... 

Aff gets RVIs to compensate for time skew.....

value is government obligations.

A) Util is the only calculus available to policy makers. Goodin ‘95:
ADRIAN VERMEULE: Bernard D. Meltzer Professor of Law, the University of Chicago
Consider, first, the argument from necessity. Public officials are obliged to make their choices under un.... 

B) Governments do not have an act-omission distinction. Sunstein and Vermeule:
CASS R. SUNSTEIN: Karl N. Llewellyn Distinguished Service Professor of Jurisprudence, the University of Chicago Law School, Department of Political Science, and the College
 In our view, any effort to distinguish between acts and omissions goes wrong by overlooking the distinctive features of government as a moral agent. If correct, this point has broad implications for criminal and civil law. Whatever the general status of the act/omission distinction as a matter of moral philosophy,59 the distinction is least impressive wh.....

 value criterion is utilitarianism.

Part 2 is the Plan

A is the inherency, The Indian government is considering the implementation of the Food Security Act, 2013, which would provide subsidized grains to the Indian people.

The Times of India,
 Powered by Indiatimes. 2014 Bennett, Coleman and Co. http://m.timesofindia.com/city/ranchi/Marandi-slams-government-over-food-act-implementation/articleshow/39100238.cms
july 27th:RANCHI: Former chief minister and Jharkhand Vikas Morcha JVM (Prajatantrik) chief Babulal Marandi on Saturday wrote to chief minister Hemant Soren demanding immediate implementation of Food Security Act 2013 ..... ls to implement the act," said Marandi. The UPA government, in its second term, had given the nation Food Security Act, 2013 which ensures subsidized foodgrain to the beneficiaries. All states were supposed to implement the act before July 5, 2014..... The act e.... r the benefits ensured under this scheme," he said. Marandi also warned that JVM (P) will take to the streets if the state government does not implement the Food Security Act, 2013 sometime soon.

B is the plan text. The government of India will implement the Food Security Act, 2013, which will subsidize foodgrain for its citizens.

C are the Advantages:

Advantage 1 is child health:
http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/SOUTHASIAEXT/0_{contentMDK:20916955pagePK:146736piPK:146830theSitePK:223547,00.html world bank.
First, Failure to ensure food security has ruined child health. The World Bank 1: Failing to deal effectively with the undernutrition problem in India has dire consequences for children’s development.... usceptibility to disease in childhood and adulth..... 22.4 of India’s burden of disease6.}

Second, hundreds of thousands of innocent Indian infants are dying each year due to malnutrition. Herald 1:
http://www.deccanherald.com/content/28760/infant-mortality-rate-indias-enduring.html
 Over 400,000 (Indian) newborns die within the first 24 hours o..... er two-thirds of infants die within the very first month of their birth. Ninety per cent of these deaths occur due to easily preventable causes like pneumonia and diarrhoea.  

Advantage 2 is adult health:

Lack of food security perpetuates a cycle of adult predisposition to heart disease. The World Bank 3:
http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/SOUTHASIAEXT/0_{contentMDK:20916955pagePK:146736piPK:146830theSitePK:223547,00.html
 Protein-energy malnutrition weakens immune response and aggravates the effects of infection10 and, so, children who are malnourished tend to have more severe diarrheal episodes and are at a higher risk of pneumonia.... addition, malnutrition in early infancy is associated with increased susceptibility to chronic disease in adulthood, including coronary heart disease, diabetes and high blood pressure12.}

This is empirically confirmed, Chan-Yan writes:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1491347/, 12. Webb JG, Kiess MC, Chan-Yan CC. Malnutrition and the heart. CMAJ. 1986;135:753–758. PMC free article PubMed

Earlier concepts that the heart is spared in malnutrition have been shown to be incorrect. Inadequate inta..... cle. As myocardial mass decreases, so does the ability to generate cardiac output; ....

And, as we speak, heart and other diseases are killing millions of adult Indian citizens.

India Today:
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/India27s+no.1+killer:+Heart+disease/1/92422.html
About 25 per cent of deaths in the age group of 25- 69 years occur because of heart diseases. In urban areas, 32.8 per cent deaths occur because of heart ailments, while ..... n deaths by 2014. The preliminary results relate to an analysis of 1,30,000 deaths that occurred between 2001 and 2003. Data relating to another 270,000 deaths is bei.... embers of SRS units have been trained in 'verbal autopsy' technique - a method of prospective investigation of deaths - while the actual cause of death is determined by physicians. Verbal autopsy is an investigation of a "train of events, circumstances, symptoms and signs of illness leading to death through an interview of relatives or associates of the deceased." This technique was first tested in Tamil Nadu where 35,000 deaths were investigated i.....  into disease patterns as well as underlying risk factors. It is not a mere academic exercise. Findings from the study could help the government design interventions and new policies in the health sector. Currently, India lacks authen.... hs from communicable diseases or injuries having known causes, most non- communicable diseases can have multiple causes. For example, heart attack could be caused by smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and other factors

Advantage 3 is poverty:

Ensuring food security in India will alleviate poverty and economic ills.

The Indian Economic Times:
http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-07-18/news/51708574_1_global-hunger-index-food-policy-research-institute-human-development-index

 ... malnutrition. This blight has a large human impact and a larger economic impact that is not measured and largely ignored. According to the 2014 United Nations Millennium Development Goals report made public earlier this week, one-third of the world's extreme poor live in India, making the country home to the largest number of impoverished. The World Bank estimates that India loses 2-3 of GDP primarily because of poor nutrition, leading to lower produ... s Development Programme (UNDP) figures point to India being 136th among 186 countries in the Human Development Index. The 2012 World Health Organization report ranks India 112th among 190 countries in universal access to public health. The Econom... alnutrition is the underlying cause for half of these deaths. About 3,500 children die in India every day. That's the equivalent of fatalities in ten Boeing 737 crashes. Rather than make statistics on under-nutrition a contentious issue, we must ... rowth, and families with enough income for adequate food also suffer from high rates of under-nutrition. ..... lt which virtually eliminated diseases like goitre, and conduct largescale staple food fortification. Develop nutrition metrics for credible and timely nutrition data and track them with the same fervour as economic or stock market data. Malnutrition is preventable. And India can no longer wait.

Part D is the solvency.

Legislation of the 2013 Food Security Act in India will solve malnutrition:

In the bill it is written that:
http://www.tehelka.com/exclusive-summary-of-the-national-food-security-bill-2013/
 Priority households are entitled to 5 kgs of foodgrains per person per month, and Antyodaya households to 35 kgs per household per month. The combined coverage of Priority and Antyodaya households (called “eligible households”) shall extend “up to 75 of the rural population and up to 50 of the urba...  six months, “exclusive breastfeeding shall be promoted”. For children who suffer from malnutrition... he Central Government. 3. Identification of Eligible Households The Bill does not specify criteria for the identification of households eligible for PDS entitlements. The Central Government is to determine the state-wise coverage of the PDS (proportion of the rural/urban population). Then numbers of eligible persons will be calculated from Census population figures. The identification of eligible households is left to state governments, subject to the scheme’s guidelines for Antyodaya, and subject to guidelines to be “specified” by ... cording of transactions at all levels”; (4) setting up vigilance committees at all levels to supervise all schemes u

For these reasons, I affirm.