Tournament: Alta 1 | Round: 1 | Opponent: Skyview LH | Judge: Tom Amestoy
A is Uniqueness
Comprehensive immigration reform will pass, but there’s limited time and political capital is necessary. Aguilar 13:
Julian Aguilar, reporter for the Texas Tribune, (October 17, 2013), the Texas Tribune, After Shutdown, Immigration Reform Push Picks Up, (http://www.texastribune.org/2013/10/17/advocates-immigration-reform-continue-push/)
"With the federal...rather than recklessly.”"

B is the Links
First, criminal Justice reform risks loss of political capital. Hechinger 11:  
SCOTT R. HECHINGER, J.D., 2010, New York University School of Law; B.A., 2004, Duke University. 2010–11, Sinsheimer Children’s Rights Fellow, Partnership for Children’s Rights. 2011, JUVENILE LIFE WITHOUT PAROLE: AN ANTIDOTE TO CONGRESS’S ONE-WAY CRIMINAL LAW RATCHET?, N.Y.U Review of Law and Social Change, Vol. 35
"Since election cycles...to safer streets."

Second, passing legislation requiring Congress to prioritize and spend time passing laws that require lawyers to ignore attorney-client privilege, which takes time away from immigration reform.

C is the Internal Links

Immigration reform key to solving the nursing shortage. Hanlon Law Group 12:
Hanlon Law Group, 2012, “Nursing Shortage Should Be Top Priority in Health Care and Immigration Reform,” www.visaandgreencard.com/CM/Articles/Nursing-Shortage.asp
"As policymakers, special...health care system."

And, nursing shortage impedes efforts to prepare for bioterror attacks. Oncology Times 07:
Oncology Times 07 (no author, 2007, Oncology Times, the Independent Hem/Onc News Source for the cancer care team, ““Reps. Capps, LaTourette Call for Increased Funding of Nurse Education Programs”)
"Representatives Lois Capps...train non-licensed staff."

D is the Impact
Bioterrorism causes human extinction. Parson 06
Parson 06 (Edward A. Parson, Professor of Law at University of Michigan, 2006, University of Michigan, “The Big One:  A Review of Richard Posner’s Catastrophe: Risk and Response”)
"Biological weapons produced...dozens of countries. "

Tournament: Meadows | Round: 2 | Opponent: Brophy SP, CTY JL Jae Ahn | Judge: Michael Overing, TimMcHughFritzPielstickTimAlderete
First, the affirmative presumes agency on the part of the state itself. The state is only a metaphysical collection of phenomena. The law is just a structural effect under the subheading of the state and the state which has no determinate agency and is not actual actor that could execute the ought of the resolution. Mitchell 91:
Mitchell, Timothy. “The Limits of the State: Beyond Statist Approaches and Their Critics” from The American Political Science Review, Vol. 85, No. 1 (Mar., 1991), pp. 77-96
The state needs...these structural effects.

Second, considering the law as the product of determinate and reasoned agency masks its real creation and creates a pathological preference for more law all the time. The affirmative mandates more law based on the presumption of agency washed of reality and misapplies agency to the state. Schlag 98:
Schlag 98 (Pierre Schlag, Byron White Professor of Constitutional Law at the University of Colorado School of Law, 1998, "The Enchantment of Reason")
In this habit...official legal apparatus).

Third, the criminal justice system is incoherent – there are too many individual actors with too many motivations.  Frase 1:
Frase, Richard S. and Robert R. Weidner http://law.jrank.org/pages/858/Criminal-Justice-System.html Criminal Justice System - Structural And Theoretical Components Of Criminal Justice Systems, The Systems In Operation, The Importance Of Viewing Criminal Justice As A System
The notion of...revocation, prison discipline, etc.)

Fourth, the statement that the state can figure out what is true or not gives the state agency since it gives it the ability to determine what is true and what is not. The ability to determine the truth necessitates agency.

Fifth, misapplying agency to the state legitimates all violent encounters of the state, including those the AC tries to prevent.  I control the root cause to everything the AC tries to mitigate.  Bleiker 2k:
Bleiker 00 (Roland Bleiker, Professor of International Relations at University of Queensland, Australia, 2000, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, "Popular Dissent, Human Agency and Global Politics")
To expand the...for violent encounters.

Sixth, this is part of a larger regime that creates the violent arrangements in the affirmative impacts. They engage in the legitimating process of state violence, and their mistake makes the calculus of agency impossible and false. McKenna 92:
McKenna 92, Andrew J. Violence and Difference: Girard, Derrida, and Deconstruction. Urbana: University of Illinois, 1992. Print. 161-162
In a prize-winning...instructional and constabulary.

Seventh, genocide goes beyond physical death to destroy the very fabric of social existence that makes life worth living and death bearable—social death outweighs. Card 03:
Emma Card, Goldman Professor of Philosophy at the University of Wisconsin, 2003 Claudia, "Genocide and Social Death,"  Hypatia 18.1 (2003) 63-79, project muse
Genocide is not...of its termination.

Eighth is the role of the ballot.
We can talk about this if you want

Only by recognizing this role of the ballot can we continue to mobilize support and stop the antagonism in debate between winning and the real world. To limit the scope of our resolutional discussion to merely the traditional form of debate can we fight the imbalances of power we talk about. Spanos 1:
http://kdebate.com/spanos.html William V. Spanos is a highly acclaimed author, World War II Veteran, POW at Dresden, distinguished professor of English and Comparative Literature at the SUNY Binghamton and well known in the competitive world of high school and intercollegiate academic debate. We thank Dr. Spanos so much for speaking with us. It is not often that we have such brilliant minds comment on our insular activity and his work gets at the heart of what we do.
All that I've...system of binaries.

Tournament: VBT | Round: 1 | Opponent: any | Judge: any
Debaters must disclose plan texts and citations for evidence (including full citations) on the NDCA wiki one hour prior to the start of the flight.

Clash
Predictability

Tournament: Alta 1 | Round: 1 | Opponent: Skyview LH | Judge: Tom Amestoy
A is the text
Resolved: The United States Federal Government will close the Guantanamo Bay detention center and inmates will be transferred to federal prisons where inmates’ rights to attorney-client privilege are not denied for the purpose of truth seeking. Funding is guaranteed and the policy will be passed and implemented through normal means.

B is the competition

1. The counterplan competes through net benefits.
   2. The counterplan textually competes with the AC as it prioritizes attorney-client privilege over truth-seeking.
   3. Doing the AC and the CP is a reason to negate since one course of action doesn’t take precedent over the other if both are being prioritized at the same time.
   4. The CP negates even if I have the defend the whole res since lawlessness at Gitmo spills over into the US. ACLU 08:
   ACLU 10-8-08 American Civil Liberties Union, “New Documents Reveal Unlawful Guantánamo Procedures Were Also Applied On American Soil” http://www.aclu.org/national-security/new-documents-reveal-unlawful-guantanamo-procedures-were-also-applied-american-soi DS)
   "NEW YORK – According...here in America.""

C is solvency

Currently at Guantanamo, the governments violate attorney client privilege. Robinson 11:
Robinson 11 (Bill Robinson III, president of the American Bar Association, December 21, 2011, American Bar Association, “Re: Preservation of Attorney-Client Privilege  For Guantanamo Bay Detainees and Their Lawyers”)
"We are therefore...attorney-client privilege.”"

D is the Human Rights Advantage

Failure to close Guantanamo signals violations of human rights. Rosenthal 13:
Rosenthal 13 (Andrew Rosenthal, editorial director for New York Times, January 23, 2013, New York Times, “The High Cost of Violating Human Rights”)
"It used to...the Bush administration. "

And, failure to close Guantanamo undermines overall human rights credibility. Massimino 13:
Massimino 13(Elisa Massimino, President of Human Rights First, 5-1-2013, New York Daily News, “On Guantanamo, Obama must act now”)
"While his renewed...towards genuine accountability."

And, human existence requires the recognition of human rights-US leadership is key to avoiding extinction. Copeland 99:
Copeland 99 (Rhonda Copeland, Professor of Law – NYU, 1999, New York City Law Review, p. 71-72)
"The indivisible human...and foreign policy."

Tournament: Stanford | Round: 2 | Opponent: Leland SH | Judge: Chris Castillo
The North Korean regime is experiencing instability and there is a risk of collapse. Dawn 13:
Dawn.Com, (December 15, 2013), North Korea execution 'ominous sign' of instability: Kerry, (http://www.dawn.com/news/1074097/north-korea-execution-ominous-sign-of-instability-kerry)
The execution of...Kerry told ABC.

North Korea’s selling of gold from its gold mining industry is helping to avoid economic collapse. Yonhap 13:
Yonhap News Agency, (December 10, 2013), The Global Post, N. Korea sells gold in sign of imminent economic collapse: Source, (http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/yonhap-news-agency/131210/n-korea-sells-gold-sign-imminent-economic-collapse-source)
North Korea has...another source said.

Economic Collapse leads to political collapse. Duronio 12:
Ben Duronio, Reporter for Business Insider, (July 3, 2012), Business Insider, The Greatest Economic Collapses In History, (http://www.businessinsider.com/the-greatest-economic-collapses-in-world-history-2012-7)
War and politics have...was learned afterwards.

North Korean Collapse leads to WMD use and proliferation. Bennett 13:
Bruce W. Bennett, senior defense analyst at the Rand Corporation, (2013), the Rand Corporation, Preparing for the Possibility of a North Korean Collapse, (http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR300/RR331/RAND_RR331.pdf)
A North Korean...to secure WMDs.

Proliferation dramatically increases the likelihood of nuclear war. Utgoff 02:
Utgoff ‘2  (Victor, Deputy Director of the Strategy, Forces, and Resources Division of the Institute for Defense Analyses and former Senior Member of the National security Council Staff, Survival, “Proliferation, Missile Defense and American Ambitions”, 44:2, Summer, p. 87-90)
Many readers are...even whole nations.

North Korean collapse harms trade and the US economy. Bennett 2:
North Korean cyber...in such circumstances.

Economic crisis will trigger a global nuclear war that causes extinction. Bearden 2000
– Director of Association of Distinguished American Scientists T. E., “The Unnecessary Energy Crisis: How to Solve It Quickly,” Space Energy Access Systems, http://www.seaspower.com/EnergyCrisis-Bearden.htm
History bears out...for many decades.

Tournament: Voices | Round: 1 | Opponent: Loyola CK, Peninsula JW | Judge: Ryan Hang, Jared Woods
SHELL
A. Interp: The advocacy text defended by the affirmative must reflect an enactable policy.

B. The plan is flawed.

C. Standards:

1. Predictability
   2. Real World Policy Making
   3. Predictable Limits

D. Jurisdiction

Tournament: Voices | Round: 5 | Opponent: College Prep CL | Judge: Michael Overing
A is Uniqueness

The recession has led to less demand and falling timber production. Demand for timber low now. Reuters 09:
(Slashes Quarterly Dividend, Reuters, 7-7-9, http://www.reuters.com/article/bondsNews/idUSN0741930520090707)
U.S. timber and...Louisiana, effective immediately.)

And, in the status quo, low voter turnout and income inequality cause one another and these problems won’t change. Schafer 11:
Armin Schafer 11, Fellow at the Hanse Institute for Advanced Studies in Delmenhorst, "Republican liberty and compulsory voting, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies discussion paper, No. 11/17, 2011.
What is more...can be broken.

B is the link

Enforcing compulsory voting compels bottom-income earners to vote and solves for incomes inequality. Chong and Olivera 08:
Chong and Olivera 08, Alberto Chong Research Department, Inter-American Development Bank and Mauricio Olivera, "Does Compulsory Voting Help Equality Incomes?", Economics and Politics, Volume 20, November 2008.
In this paper...distribution of income.

And, aff’s alleviation of income inequalities increases consumerism and demand for timber, which increases which increases deforestation. European Forest Institute 07:
European Forest Institute 7 (“Stumpage and Timber Demand,” http://foper.unu.edu/course/?page_id=171,  7-9-9)
The demand for... of timber production.

And, deforestation causes biodiversity loss and acidifies the air. Akhand Jyoti 03:
Akhand Jyoti 3 (Akhand Jyoti  “The Disaster of Deforestation” March-April 2003. http://www.akhandjyoti.org/?Akhand-Jyoti/2003/Mar-Apr/Deforestation/)
Imagining Earth without...to global warming.

C is the Impact

Environment harm and loss of biodiversity causes extinction. Brundtland 12:
Gro Harlem Brundtland, et. al, February 20th 2012 “Environment and Development Challenges: The Imperative to Act” http://www.af-info.or.jp/bpplaureates/doc/2012jp_fp_en.pdf. Page 9.
Biodiversity – the variety...of ecosystem services.

Tournament: Stanford | Round: 2 | Opponent: Leland SH | Judge: Chris Castillo
US support prevents Saudi Arabia from acquiring a bomb—if relations fail they will develop nuclear weapons. Guzansky 13’
Yoel Guzansky is a fellow at the Institute for National Security Studies, Tel Aviv University. His main research area is Gulf security. He has also served as Iran coordinator at Israel's National Security Council. His recent publications include The Gulf States in a Changing Strategic Environment (2012), One Year of the Arab Spring: Global and Regional Implications, and The Gulf States: Between Iran and the West – Middle East Quarterly¶ Spring 2013, pp. 59-64
Continued Iranian progress...House of Saud.

Oil imports from Saudi Arabia uniquely key for Saudi-US relations. Arab America Giving writes:
Arab American Giving, The Importance of Saudi Arabia to the US Economy,http://www.arabamericangiving.org/the-importance-of-saudi-arabia-to-the-us-economy.php
The US economy...other Arab countries.

Saudi prolif causes nuclear war. Edelman 11’
Eric –Distinguished Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments and Former U.S. Undersecretary of Defense for Policy, Foreign Affairs, Jan/Feb 2011)
There is, however...with unpredictable consequences.

Nuclear war causes human extinction. PHILLIPS 2000
(Dr. Allen, Peace Activist, Nuclear Winter Revisited, October, http://www.peace.ca/nuclearwinterrevisited.htm)
Those of us...in a radioactive environment.

Tournament: VBT | Round: 6 | Opponent: Harker MS | Judge: Erik Legried
A is the Text:
Resolved: Developing countries will prioritize resource extraction over environmental preservation by utilizing their resources to contribute to an outer space colony. Funding is guaranteed and the policy will be implemented through normal means.

B is the competition

1. The CP competes through net benefits.
   2. Space colonization requires the full utilization of Earth;s resources, which means that developing countries must prioritize resource extraction over environmental preservation. Engdahl 08:
   Engdahl  2008 (Sylvia Engdahl has written many non-fiction books on space exploration and development. November 5, 2008. http://www.sylviaengdahl.com/space/survival.htm)
   "I have called...“sustainable” global civilization."

C is the Net Benefit and Solvency
Space colonization is key-it’s time to leave Earth or face extinction. Fox 10:
Fox News 10 (Fox News, “Abandon Earth or Face Extinction, Stephen Hawking Warns – Again”, http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/08/09/abandon-earth-face-extinction-warns-stephen-hawking/, 6/9/10)
"It's time to...space," he said."

And, dispersal of humanity across space is key to reducing existential threats to Earth – other species extinction cases prove. Sowers 02:
Sowers, 2 (George Sowers, transhumanist, “The Transhumanist Case for Space,” April 2002, http://www.georgesowers.com/Other_pdf/The_trans_case_for_space.pdf)
"What can we...just bad luck."

And, space colonization solves for global food shorages. Siegfried 03:
Siegfried, 03 – Program Manager of McDonnell Douglas SEI team with system design that featured common Lunar/ Mars systems (W. H., “Space Colonization—Benefits for the World” http://www.aiaa.org/participate/uploads/acf628b.pdf)
SPACE COLONIZATION MUST HAVE LOW-WATER, LOW-PESTICIDE PLANT GROWTH AND WASTE AND WATER PURITY CONTROL
"Two of the...waste management problems."

And, space colonization solves disease through a better understanding of immune systems. Siegfried 03:
Siegfried, 03 – Program Manager of McDonnell Douglas SEI team with system design that featured common Lunar/ Mars systems (W. H., “Space Colonization—Benefits for the World” http://www.aiaa.org/participate/uploads/acf628b.pdf)
SPACE COLONIZATION MAY LEAD TO HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY, AGING, AND DISEASE AMELIORATION
"Many current human...to Space Colonization."

Tournament: GreenhillVoices | Round: 1 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart MK, Westwood SN, Lake Highland JB, Peninsula JW | Judge: Bob Overing, Amyn Kassam, Paul Gravley, Jared Woods
The American Empire’s hegemony exterminates cultural diversity. It imperializes different cultures, requiring them to choose between assimilation and existence. Galeota 04:
Galeota  04 (Julai Galeota, winner of Humanist Essay Contest for Young Women and Men of North America, 2004, The Humanist, "Cultural Imperialism: An American Tradition")
As a byproduct of globalization, it is part of a larger trend in the¶ conscious dissemination of American attitudes and values ~is~¶ that is often referred to as cultural imperialism. In his 1976¶ work Communication and Cultural Domination, Herbert¶ Schiller defines cultural imperialism as:¶
the sum of the processes by which a society is brought into the modern world
AND
and the¶ belief in ~American~ the superiority of American culture. 

After the Empire destroyed the American Indians, stole their land and resources, it expects Natives like Vincent to vote to get their rights back, even though these exist independent of Empire. Rinehart 12:
Rinehart 12 (Vincent Rinehart, born and raised in Tlingit Country, and a proud member of the Tlingit Nation, May 14, 2012, American Indian/Alaska Native – Attack The System, "American Indian/Alaska Native – Attack The System")

I count myself as born into this Native American middle class. It is my
AND
I refuse to crawl to our oppressors to politely ask for them back.

And, voting legitimizes the Empire. Voting and participating in democracy are façades that mask the Empire’s desire to control us. Rinehart 2.
Rinehart 12 (Vincent Rinehart, born and raised in Tlingit Country, and a proud member of the Tlingit Nation, May 14, 2012, American Indian/Alaska Native – Attack The System, "American Indian/Alaska Native – Attack The System")

The American political process and voting is an act of legitimiz~es~ing
AND
we would have voted harder if we didn’t want them to, right?
And, compulsory voting would force American Indians to vote and support the Empire that destroyed their traditional way of life since the federal government can override tribal sovereignty. NCAI 1:
NCAI  (no author provided, no date provided, National Congress of American Indians, "An Introduction to Indian Nations in the United States," http://www.ncai.org/about-tribes/Indians_101.pdf)

¶ Congress and the Federal Courts ha~s~ve placed increasingly complex limitations
AND
of authority is completely inconsistent with tribal¶ status within the federal framework.

And, the Empire has a profound influence on what used to be tribes, to a point where tribes rely on the Empire. Rinehart 3:

Rinehart 12 (Vincent Rinehart, born and raised in Tlingit Country, and a proud member of the Tlingit Nation, May 14, 2012, American Indian/Alaska Native – Attack The System, "American Indian/Alaska Native – Attack The System")

But our tribes, clans and bands are no longer organized as decentralized cells in a vast network of alliances as they once were. We are top down, Anglo-style bureaucracies. Indian Country as it is today is hanging on by a thread. If the empire falls today we will be doomed.
Consequently, under the Empire, American Indians are disproportionately plagued with poverty and their communities are falling apart. NCAI 2:
NCAI  (no author provided, no date provided, National Congress of American Indians, "An Introduction to Indian Nations in the United States," http://www.ncai.org/about-tribes/Indians_101.pdf)
Despite significant economic improvements in some pockets of Indian country over recent decades, more
AND
accessing traditional sources of capital such as lending, banking, and bonding. 

And, to preserve their culture and sovereignty, I, along with Vincent Rinehart advocate, that American Indians return to traditional self-governance without the interference of the USFG, which means the US cannot enforce truly compulsory voting. Rinehart 4:
Rinehart 12 (Vincent Rinehart, born and raised in Tlingit Country, and a proud member of the Tlingit Nation, May 14, 2012, American Indian/Alaska Native – Attack The System, "American Indian/Alaska Native – Attack The System")
This is why instead of campaigning, instead of voting, instead of running for
AND
decades to come. Empires come and go, savvy tribes last forever.

And, efforts to break down the Euroamerican violence against American Indians are both post and pre-fiat valuable; a recognition of the oppression of American Indians is a pre-requisite to exposing the background structural oppression that ensures large segments of America’s population continue to live unwell and unfree. Churchill in 02:
This book follows Foucauldian procedure. In the U.S., irrespective of which
AND
, entirely contingent upon rectification of nonindian America’s abecedarian relationship to American Indians.

And, the best of way of ensuring the survival of the American Indian culture is to discuss the problem and the resolution is to include individual stories and advocacies since these are more likely than boring statistic to spur people into action. Kristof et al 09:
Nicholas D. Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn. Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into
AND
businesswoman who was the first Asian-American to win a Pulitzer Prize."

Frankly, we hesitate to pile on the data, since even when numbers are
AND
are dstinct from the parts of our brains concerned with logic and rationality.