Tournament: NSD 2014 | Round: 1 | Opponent: Neg | Judge:
Standard - Maximizing Expected Well Being

PLAN TEXTS:

 All Black Americans will be exempt from federal taxes until the poorest black American has equal parity with the poorest white American In terms of employment, income, and wealth accumulation, and improved educational outcomes

African Americans would be the beneficiaries of social bank account in the U.S economy that was generated by labor during slavery and racial discrimination for the next forty years.

Tournament: Harvard | Round: 1 | Opponent: North Crowley AR | Judge: Massey, Emily
FW
(Robin West. "Rights, Capabilities, and the Good Society." Fordham Law Review Vol. 69 Issue

(John Locke, 1690. “Second Treatise on Government CHAP. IX., Of the Ends of Political Society and Government”) Sec.131.

Plan text: We would distribute GPS systems to all the mining sites, which have legal permits in the Peruvian
Amazon
http://web.mit.edu/12.000/www/m2006/final/solutions/sols_min_prc.html

Donovan Webster FEBRUARY 2012 SMITHSONIAN MAGAZINE The Devastating Costs of the Amazon Gold Rush http://www.smithsonianmag.com/people-places/the-devastating-costs-of-the-amazon-gold-rush-19365506/#ixzz2sbZ5LJw9 

NASA
GOLD MINING IN THE PERUVIAN AMAZON http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/view.php?id=78629

Illegal gold mining in Amazonian Peru more extensive than previously thought Author:DorothyKosich Posted: Tuesday , 29 Oct 2013  http://www.mineweb.com/mineweb/content/en/mineweb-sustainable-mining?oid=210498andsn=Detail

BUTLER
Mining in Venezuelan Amazon threatens biodiversity, indigenous groups Rhett Butler, mongabay.com November 9, 2006 Read more at http://news.mongabay.com/2006/1109-atbc.html#JLVmhtPw5IdQ7ezM.99

Asner 13
Gregory P. Asnera,1, William Llactayob¶ , Raul Tupayachia¶ , and Ernesto Ráez Lunac¶ a¶ Department of Global Ecology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305; and b¶ Dirección General de Ordenamiento Territorial, and c¶ Asesor de la¶ Alta Dirección, Ministerio del Ambiente, San Isidro, Lima 27, Peru http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2013/10/23/1318271110.full.pdf

TAKACS
David Takacs teaches environmental humanities (history, ethics, justice, politics) in the Institute for Earth Systems Science and Policy at California State “The Idea of Biodiversity: Philosophies of Paradise,” 1996, pg. 200-201)

HG
Health Grades Mercury poisoning -- consumption of contaminated fish: Introduction
http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/m/mercury_poisoning_consumption_of_contaminated_fish/intro.htmMercury

Tournament: Columbia | Round: 2 | Opponent:  | Judge:
I value morality. The standard is maximizing expected well-being

WEST  
(Robin West. "Rights, Capabilities, and the Good Society." Fordham Law Review Vol. 69 Issue

LOCKE
(John Locke, 1690. “Second Treatise on Government CHAP. IX., Of the Ends of Political Society and Government”) Sec.131

WOLLER
Gary Woller, “An Overview by Gary Woller”. A Forum on the Role of Environmental Ethics. 

Armed violence us associated with a number of processes relating to the extraction of resources
DOWNEY 1

increased armed violence leads to an increased death toll and injury count, which in turn puts more pressure on the already shaky economy of a developing country
UNDP 1UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME 1
(“Armed Violence in Asia and the Pacific: An Overview of the Causes, Costs, and Consequences”)

UNDP 2
 (“Armed Violence in Asia and the Pacific: An Overview of the Causes, Costs, and Consequences”)

Resource extraction of coal is increasing over the world
CER NEWS DESK
CER News Desk, Guest blogger / December 19, 2012. http://www.csmonitor.com/Environment/Energy-Voices/2012/1219/Coal-on-the-rise-as-developing-nations-seek-cheap-fuel

Coal produces immense amounts of carbon dioxide, which in turn pollutes the air and is a main contributor to global warming
KUNKREJA (Rinkesh Kukreja InterGlobe Technologies “Causes of Global Warming”)

Global warming will become irreversible
G.A ASSOCIATION
©2004-2014 Green America Economic action to stop global warming

The brink is now, warming will be an existential threat this century.
MAZO 10
Jeffrey Mazo, Managing Editor, Survival and Research Fellow for Environmental Security and Science Policy at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London, 3-2010, “Climate Conflict: How global warming threatens security and what to do about it,” pg. 122

1. Warming in developing countries causes famine, disease, and resource wars – empirically proven, and the impact is systemic. I control probability.
   LEAN 

Food crises trigger global wars.
HUME 08
Stephen Hume, Senior Writer for the Vancouver Sun. “World Food Crisis Threatens Rich Nations (That’s Us), Too”. Vancouver Sun. April 16, 2008. 

Warming causes extinction.
TICKELL 8
Oliver, Climate Researcher, The Guardian, 8-11, “On a planet 4C hotter, all we can prepare for is extinction”, http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/aug/11/climatechange