Tournament: GD | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harker PR | Judge: Stephen Babb

1NC CP shell

CP text: the governments of OECD nations should place restrictions on their corporation’s abilities to make Foreign Direct Investment in resource rich developing countries.

Solvency

Foreign Direct Investment comes in large part from developed countries

Nick Mabey, Richard McNally, August 1999 (Richard J. McNally is Professor of Psychology at Harvard University, Nick Mabey, World Wildlife Fund)  "Foreign Direct Investment and the Environment: From Pollution Havens to Sustainable Development"  
Accessed at  http://www.oecd.org/investment/mne/2089912.pdf-http://www.oecd.org/investment/mne/2089912.pdf
The poorest countries receive a disproportionately high share of resource- seeking¶ investment.
AND
3¶ percent." ABCDE Conference, Valdivia; June 24, 1999.

Foreign Direct Investment causes the most environmental damage.

Nick Mabey, Richard McNally, August 1999 (Richard J. McNally is Professor of Psychology at Harvard University, Nick Mabey, World Wildlife Fund)  "Foreign Direct Investment and the Environment: From Pollution Havens to Sustainable Development"  
Accessed at  http://www.oecd.org/investment/mne/2089912.pdf-http://www.oecd.org/investment/mne/2089912.pdf
The above analysis has identified specific areas where FDI, and its associated trade¶
AND
environment is¶ vital, this will often be a longer term process.¶ 

NB

Foreign direct investment in resource extraction finances corporations that cause the worst human rights abuses:

Beth Stephens, 2002 (Professor Beth Stephens of Rutgers School of Law, graduated magna cum laude from Harvard University, received her J.D. degree from the law school of the University of California at Berkeley, and clerked for Chief Justice Rose Bird of the California Supreme Court)
"The Amorality of Profit: Transnational Corporations and Human Rights"
http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=120726context=bjil26sei-redir=126referer=http3A2F2Fscholar.google.com2Fscholar3Fhl3Den26q3Dresource2Bextraction252C2Bhuman2Brights2Babuses252C2Bcorporations26btnG3D26as_sdt3D1252C4526as_sdtp3D~~23search=22resource20extraction2C20human20rights20abuses2C20corporations22-http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=120726context=bjil26sei-redir=126referer=http3A2F2Fscholar.google.com2Fscholar3Fhl3Den26q3Dresource2Bextraction252C2Bhuman2Brights2Babuses252C2Bcorporations26btnG3D26as_sdt3D1252C4526as_sdtp3D
Corporate human rights abuses during the Holocaust raised issues unique in¶ human history,
AND
taking no steps to ensure that human rights will be¶ respected.30

a. It competes: Resource extraction in developing countries is key to alleviate poverty
Indira Gandhi, June 14, 1972 (Prime minister of India) speech at the Stockholm Conference in 1972
Accessed at http://lasulawsenvironmental.blogspot.com/2012/07/indira-gandhis-speech-at-stockholm.html
How can it be otherwise? There is still no recognition of the equality of
AND
. Nor can poverty be eradicated without the use of science and technology.

And, Poverty is the largest impact in this round.

James Gilligan 00, Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School, Violence: Reflections on Our Deadliest Epidemic, 2000, p 195-196. 

The 14 to 18 million deaths a year cause by structural violence compare with about
AND
the weak and poor every year of every decade, throughout the world.

Tournament: GD | Round: 3 | Opponent: Turlock CB | Judge: Marc OKrent

Gandhi:

In 1972, the UN held the Stockholm Conference to discuss the impact of human activity on the environment. Indira Gandhi, then-Prime Minister of India and keynote speaker, poignantly observed:

Indira Gandhi, June 14, 1972 (Prime minister of India) speech at the Stockholm Conference in 1972
Accessed at http://lasulawsenvironmental.blogspot.com/2012/07/indira-gandhis-speech-at-stockholm.html
How can it be otherwise? There is still no recognition of the equality of
AND
. Nor can poverty be eradicated without the use of science and technology.

As a result of the Stockholm Conference, the UN agreed that environmental policy must not impede the development of the world’s poorest countries. The affirmative visualizes the resolution as a simple question of "To extract, or not to extract" natural resources, but in reality, the issues faced by developing countries as they make environmental policy have serious implications for their citizens living in poverty. In other words, the conflict between environmental protection and resource extraction is that environmental protection neglects the low income populations that depend most heavily on resource extraction.

Thus, the value for the round is morality, and the criterion is the minimization of global poverty. Only by ending poverty can we solve the environmental degradation that occurs every day.

The first and sole contention is poverty

1 billion people worldwide have no access to electrical services and are forced to use dirty fuels that kill them. Regardless of the environmental consequences, developed nations must not stand in the way of developing countries as they attempt to lift their people out of poverty.

Bjorn Lomborg 12/3/13 (director of the Copenhagen Consensus Center, a nonprofit group focused on cost-effective solutions to global problems, and the author of "The Skeptical Environmentalist.") "The Poor Need Cheap Fossil Fuels".
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/04/opinion/the-poor-need-cheap-fossil-fuels.html?_r=0-http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/04/opinion/the-poor-need-cheap-fossil-fuels.html?_r=0
THERE’S a lot of hand-wringing about our warming planet, but billions of
AND
will be able to cook in their own homes without slowly killing themselves.

Resource extraction could alleviate the effects of poverty in resource rich nations.

 Daniel Kaufmann, September 13, 2012(Daniel Kaufmann is a nonresident senior fellow in the Global Economy and Development program at the Brookings Institute. Previously, he served as director at the World Bank Institute, and is president of the Revenue watch Institute.) "Poverty in the Midst of Abundance: Governance Matters for Overcoming the Resource Curse"
http://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2012/09/13-poverty-governance-kaufmann~~23

In 1990, almost 600 million people lived on less than 245 a day
AND
day, and over 50 percent live on under 242 a day.

Kaufmann continues

It is difficult to see the future. But we can suggest that whether the
AND
rules. In short, collective action by key stakeholders will be essential.

There is no better example of this is Botswana, which has a large diamond industry and is the most transparent gov. in Africa for the last 18 years according to Transparency Int’l, as well as the 30^th most transparent gov in the world. It has had unfettered democratic elections since the 60’s and has gone from being the poorest country in Africa to being one of the richest.

And, Poverty is the largest impact in this round.

James Gilligan 00, Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School, Violence: Reflections on Our Deadliest Epidemic, 2000, p 195-196. 

The 14 to 18 million deaths a year cause by structural violence compare with about
AND
the weak and poor every year of every decade, throughout the world. 

Finally, a negation of the topic does not negate the ideal of environmental protection. It is simply a way of expressing that until developing nations are otherwise able to provide for the needs of their low income populations, they cannot focus on protecting the environment. By prioritizing the extraction of resources, developing countries are able to alleviate the effects of poverty on their citizens, which is the most moral decision.

Thus, I negate.

Pops peace

The affirmative represents "war" as a singular, bounded event.  This ontological distinction between "war" and "peace" ensures the continuation of everyday militarism and violence, turning the case.

Chris J. Cuomo, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Cincinnati, 1996 ("War Is Not Just an Event: Reflections on the Significance of Everyday Violence," Hypatia, Volume 11, Number 4, Fall, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via JSTOR, p. 30-31)
Philosophical attention to war has typically appeared in the form of justifications for entering into
AND
media violence, and current ideological gravitations to military solutions for social problems. 

?

Turn: Focus on flashpoints of violence precludes discussion of ongoing harms, encouraging further predictions and preemptions that make conflict inevitable.

Ivana Milojevi? 2001. The University of Queensland, Australia. Gender, Peace and Terrestrial Futures:
Alternatives to Terrorism and War. http://www.metafuture.org/articlesbycolleagues/IvanaMilojevic/Ivana_Milojevic_-_Gender_peace_and_terrestrial_futures.htm

Social and economic strategies require radical transformation and restructuring of societies and economies. This
AND
("The Ohio Story", in Peterson and Runyan, 1999:120).  
Demands for de-militarisation are underlined by the more acute awareness that peace is
AND
strategically, support the efforts and struggles toward global peace and global security.

This representation of "war" as an isolated event leads to politics of crisis-control that can never hope to address the underlying structures of violence.  Every singular "war" the affirmative hopes to prevent will just reappear over and over again—every time we do crisis-control, it trades off with deeper structural changes that can create a positive peace.

Chris J. Cuomo, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Cincinnati, 1996 ("War Is Not Just an Event: Reflections on the Significance of Everyday Violence," Hypatia, Volume 11, Number 4, Fall, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via JSTOR, p. 31-32)
Ethical approaches that do not attend to the ways in which warfare and military practices
AND
the "war on crime," and other state-funded militaristic campaigns. 

?

The alternative is to reject the affirmative’s problem-solving approach in favor of a critical interrogation of peace. The ontological stability that the affirmative takes for granted results in widespread violence—critical intervention is needed.

Oliver P. Richmond, Professor of International Relations at the University of St. Andrews, 2007 ("Critical Research Agendas for Peace: The Missing Link in the Study of International Relations," Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, Volume 32, Issue 2, April-June, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via Political Science Complete, p. 250-251)
Though there are many different terms for war in the English language, peace remains
AND
of peace indicates it should be qualified as a specific type among many.