Tournament: Meadows | Round: 1 | Opponent: X | Judge: X
The standard is consequentialism.

First, the intended-foreseen distinction ought not be applied to questions of the morality of action for two reasons:

The causal structure of action, or the temporal entity that separates intended ends and foreseen ends, is not intrinsically morally relevant. Enoch 1 writes,
Enoch, David (Professor of the Hebrew University at Jerusalem). Intending, Foreseeing, and the State. Legal Theory, Vol. 13, No. 2. 2007. Pgs. 9-10. NN.
“Let us apply this test, then, in order to check whether causal order is morally significant….is that it does not.”

Mental states, such as intention, are key to the evaluation of agents, but have no bearing on the evaluation of action. Enoch 2 summarizes Thomson,
Enoch, David (Professor of the Hebrew University at Jerusalem). Intending, Foreseeing, and the State. Legal Theory, Vol. 13, No. 2. 2007. Pgs. 16-17. NN.
“Think about a…think, the more general conclusion”

If the intended-foreseen distinction is flawed, absolutist theories collapse into consequentialism. Enoch 3,
Enoch, David (Professor of the Hebrew University at Jerusalem). Intending, Foreseeing, and the State. Legal Theory, Vol. 13, No. 2. 2007. Pgs. 43-44. NN.
“In order to see that this is nevertheless…consequentialism is hard to resist67.”

Second, the obligation of the state is to protect citizen interest

This goal is implicit in the very existence of the state Kennan writes,
Kennan, George (Professor Emeritus at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton). “Morality and Foreign Policy”. Foreign Affairs, Vol. 64, No. 2. 1985. P. 205-218. NN.
“Second, let us recognize that…acting on the basis of them”

And, our obligation as debaters is to act in a way that mirrors the decision of policy makers. This allows us to engage in policy-making role-playing, which is the most educational part of debate. Shaw writes,
PEDAGOGY IN INTERNATIONAL STUDIES Using Role-Play Scenarios in the IR Classroom: An Examination of Exercises on Peacekeeping Operations and Foreign Policy Decision Making CAROLYN M. SHAW Wichita State University
“The use of role-playing…in our ‘‘national interest.’’

“Lawfare”, or the use of law as a means to enact terrorist acts, is perpetuated through the application of the attorney client privilege. Two links-  First is misrepresentation of evidence. Yin:
Tung Yin, Professor at the University of Iowa College of Law, “Boumediene and Lawfare” March 2009
"U.S. officials have repeatedly ... throw away a trained asset.115"

Second is the secret flow of information. Yin 2,
Tung Yin, Professor at the University of Iowa College of Law, “Boumediene and Lawfare” March 2009
"Using an attorney to...warfare against the United States."

And, only the pursuit of truth and overriding of the attorney client privilege solves- Yin furthers
Tung Yin, Professor at the University of Iowa College of Law, “Boumediene and Lawfare” March 2009
"To the extent that...to the investigating/prosecuting team."

And, empirics confirm- defense lawyers have assisted terrorists and hidden information- the only way to solve for such harms is to monitor conversations and pursue truth over the attorney client privilege. Yin 4:
Tung Yin, Professor at the University of Iowa College of Law, “Boumediene and Lawfare” March 2009
"Perhaps the closest example one can find...be effective at countering lawfare."

And, the propogation of lawfare results in increased aggression – this is a systemic impact. De Hoon explains,
Marieke de Hoon, published in the European Journal of Legal Studies, Volume 5, Issue 1, “Collateral Damage from Criminalizing Aggression? Lawfare Through Aggression Accusations in the Nagorno Karabakh Conflict” 2012
"The regulation of war through the ...to resolve fundamental disagreement."

First is societal norms and accountability. Konell:
Marissa Gringer Konell, Bachelor of the Arts @George Mason University, “Truth, Justice, and the War on Terror: 2009
"Truth and justice, which...reconciliation for damaged relationships."

Second, only truth seeking allows for proper evidentiary analysis and a stronger code of law. Frase,
CESL (China-EU School of Law) “The Search for Truth in the Criminal Process” (2012), citing Richard S. Frase, B.A. Harvard College and J. D. at the University of Chicago in criminal law, The Search for the Whole Truth About American and European Criminal Justice, 3 Buff. Crim. L. Rev. 821 (1999-20)
"According to the aforesaid discussions...criminal process gradually evolved."

And, only truth seeking solves terrorist impacts: only truth seeking in terrorist related cases allows for democratic stability and reduction of attacks. United Nations,
RAND furthers,
RAND, “How Terrorist Groups End: Implications of Countering Al-Qa’ida” 2008 (part of research in How Terrorist Groups End: Lessons for Countering al Qa’ida, by Seth G. Jones and Martin C. Libicki, MG-741-RC, 2008
"In transitional democracies...non-discrimination and accountability."

And, increased terrorism results in extinction. Spiece
  Patrick F. Speice, Jr., JD Candidate at The College of William and Mary, “NEGLIGENCE AND NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION: ELIMINATING THE CURRENT LIABILITY BARRIER TO BILATERAL U.S.-RUSSIAN NONPROLIFERATION ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS,” William and Mary Law Review, February 2006, 47 Wm and Mary L. Rev. 1427
"Accordingly, there is a significant...full-scale nuclear conflict. "

Tournament: Voices | Round: 1 | Opponent: X | Judge: X
The standard is consequentialism.

First, the intended-foreseen distinction ought not be applied to questions of the morality of action for two reasons:

The causal structure of action, or the temporal entity that separates intended ends and foreseen ends, is not intrinsically morally relevant. Enoch 1 writes,
Enoch, David (Professor of the Hebrew University at Jerusalem). Intending, Foreseeing, and the State. Legal Theory, Vol. 13, No. 2. 2007. Pgs. 9-10. NN.
“Let us apply this test, then, in order to check whether causal order is morally significant….is that it does not.”

Mental states, such as intention, are key to the evaluation of agents, but have no bearing on the evaluation of action. Enoch 2 summarizes Thomson,
Enoch, David (Professor of the Hebrew University at Jerusalem). Intending, Foreseeing, and the State. Legal Theory, Vol. 13, No. 2. 2007. Pgs. 16-17. NN.
“Think about a…think, the more general conclusion”

If the intended-foreseen distinction is flawed, absolutist theories collapse into consequentialism. Enoch 3,
Enoch, David (Professor of the Hebrew University at Jerusalem). Intending, Foreseeing, and the State. Legal Theory, Vol. 13, No. 2. 2007. Pgs. 43-44. NN.
“In order to see that this is nevertheless…consequentialism is hard to resist67.”

Second, the obligation of the state is to protect citizen interest

This goal is implicit in the very existence of the state Kennan writes,
Kennan, George (Professor Emeritus at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton). “Morality and Foreign Policy”. Foreign Affairs, Vol. 64, No. 2. 1985. P. 205-218. NN.
“Second, let us recognize that…acting on the basis of them”

And, our obligation as debaters is to act in a way that mirrors the decision of policy makers. This allows us to engage in policy-making role-playing, which is the most educational part of debate. Shaw writes,
PEDAGOGY IN INTERNATIONAL STUDIES Using Role-Play Scenarios in the IR Classroom: An Examination of Exercises on Peacekeeping Operations and Foreign Policy Decision Making CAROLYN M. SHAW Wichita State University
“The use of role-playing…in our ‘‘national interest.’’

First, compulsory voting forces people to seek out political knowledge. Milazzo 1 writes,
Caitlin Milazzo University of California, Davis, Department of Political Science. Forced to Vote: The Impact of Compulsory Voting Laws on Political Discussion. March 15, 2008
“The model tested in this…when voting is mandatory”

And, political discussion increases political education—leads to increased civic engagement. Milazzo 2 writes,
Caitlin Milazzo University of California, Davis, Department of Political Science. Forced to Vote: The Impact of Compulsory Voting Laws on Political Discussion. March 15, 2008
“In addition to reducing the…at the national level (Knoke 1990)”

Moreover, Compulsory voting increases civic engagement in political affairs—cross national data from 37 countries prove. Milazzo 3 writes,
Caitlin Milazzo University of California, Davis, Department of Political Science. Forced to Vote: The Impact of Compulsory Voting Laws on Political Discussion. March 15, 2008
“The results provide support for…information through other means.”

And, CV is key to solving for political apathy—multiple reasons. Harvard Law Review writes,
Harvard Law Review. The Case for Compulsory Voting in the United States. Vol 121 No 2. 2007.
“Another indirect benefit of…rather than staying at home on Election Day.44”

Second, compulsory voting increased informed voting—uninformed voting is more likely under a voluntary system. Shineman 1 writes,
Victoria Anne Shineman Visiting Scholar, Center for the Study of Democratic Politics, Princeton University. Compulsory Voting as Compulsory Balloting: How Mandatory Balloting Laws Increase Informed Voting Without Increasing Uninformed Voting.  2010.
“Results – Hypothesis 1: Moving …marginally significant (p = 0.054).”

Shineman 2 explains why this occurs,
Victoria Anne Shineman Visiting Scholar, Center for the Study of Democratic Politics, Princeton University. Compulsory Voting as Compulsory Balloting: How Mandatory Balloting Laws Increase Informed Voting Without Increasing Uninformed Voting.  2010.
“This paper contributes to the research…information and informed voting is deserving of further investigation.”

Third, individuals will not engage in politics if they don’t vote—that means that CV has the only link to meaningful civic engagement. Hill writes,
Lisa Hill Political Science Program, Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University. On the Justifiability of Compulsory Voting: Reply to Lever. British Journal of Political Science. 2010.
“Further, it is rather …democracy would be enriched and deepened.”

Fourth, civic education programs have empirically failed—US proves. McAllister writes,
Ian McAllister. Civic Education and Political Knowledge  in Australia. 2001. http://aphnew.aph.gov.au/binaries/senate/pubs/pops/pop38/mcallister.pdf
“Although these results…the way that it does.”

And, civic engagement solves multiple scenarios for destruction. Small writes,
Small 6 Jonathan, former Americorps VISTA for the Human Services Coalition, “Moving Forward,” The Journal for Civic Commitment,  Spring, http://www.mc.maricopa.edu/other/engagement/Journal/Issue7/Small.jsp
“What will be the challenges of…project that seeks to do just that.”

Fifth, Compulsory voting better for autonomy and liberty.  Lacroix writes,
Justine Lacroix Université libre de Bruxelles, French university in Brussels. A Liberal Defence of Compulsory Voting. Politics Vol 27. 2007.
“The main argument against compulsory…every other adult’ (Shklar, 1989, p. 21)”

And, a right not to vote would undermine liberty as non-domination. Lardy writes,
Heather Lardy University of Aberdeen.. Is There a Right Not to Vote? Oxford Journal of Legal Studies Vol 24 No 2. 2004.
“It might be thought to follow…electors a freedom not to vote at all.”

Tournament: Voices | Round: 1 | Opponent: X | Judge: X
First, the intended-foreseen distinction ought not be applied to questions of the morality of action for two reasons:

The causal structure of action, or the temporal entity that separates intended ends and foreseen ends, is not intrinsically morally relevant. Enoch 1 writes,
Enoch, David (Professor of the Hebrew University at Jerusalem). Intending, Foreseeing, and the State. Legal Theory, Vol. 13, No. 2. 2007. Pgs. 9-10. NN.
“Let us apply this test, then, in order to check whether causal order is morally significant….is that it does not.”

Mental states, such as intention, are key to the evaluation of agents, but have no bearing on the evaluation of action. Enoch 2 summarizes Thomson,
Enoch, David (Professor of the Hebrew University at Jerusalem). Intending, Foreseeing, and the State. Legal Theory, Vol. 13, No. 2. 2007. Pgs. 16-17. NN.
“Think about a…think, the more general conclusion”

If the intended-foreseen distinction is flawed, absolutist theories collapse into consequentialism. Enoch 3,
Enoch, David (Professor of the Hebrew University at Jerusalem). Intending, Foreseeing, and the State. Legal Theory, Vol. 13, No. 2. 2007. Pgs. 43-44. NN.
“In order to see that this is nevertheless…consequentialism is hard to resist67.”

Second, the obligation of the state is to protect citizen interest

This goal is implicit in the very existence of the state Kennan writes,
Kennan, George (Professor Emeritus at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton). “Morality and Foreign Policy”. Foreign Affairs, Vol. 64, No. 2. 1985. P. 205-218. NN.
“Second, let us recognize that…acting on the basis of them”

And, our obligation as debaters is to act in a way that mirrors the decision of policy makers. This allows us to engage in policy-making role-playing, which is the most educational part of debate. Shaw writes,
PEDAGOGY IN INTERNATIONAL STUDIES Using Role-Play Scenarios in the IR Classroom: An Examination of Exercises on Peacekeeping Operations and Foreign Policy Decision Making CAROLYN M. SHAW Wichita State University
“The use of role-playing…in our ‘‘national interest.’’
Section 2: Plan

A. Plan Text: The Pakistani Federal Government should implement compulsory voting legislation, enforced by financial sanctions modeled on the Australian system. Yamin explains the plan,
Dr Saira Yamin. The case for compulsory voting. July 23, 2012. http://tribune.com.pk/story/412078/the-case-for-compulsory-voting/

Is there a … and it works.

Yamin also proves the plan is inherent – it lacks a compulsory voting system in the status quo.

B. Topicality: Pakistan is a democracy. World Times 5/18 explains,
World Times, Omar Waraich, Two Cheers for Pakistani Democracy: A Sobering Milestone, http://world.time.com/2013/03/18/two-cheers-for-pakistani-democracy-a-sobering-milestone/

Pakistan passed through … be proud of.”

Advantage 1

Pakistan on the brink of collapse because of rampant terrorism. Daily Bhaskar,
DailyBhaskar, Popular Indian Newspaper, Aug 12, 2013, “Pakistan to become global terror-hub in next 6 months, country on the verge of collapse”

Islamabad: The word terrorism … region in China. 

Compulsory voting key to stability and democracy in Pakistan. Yamin  writes,
  Dr Saira Yamin. The case for compulsory voting. July 23, 2012. http://tribune.com.pk/story/412078/the-case-for-compulsory-voting/
Is there a case...serve its interests 

Democracy and legitimacy in Pakistan solves Pakistani terrorism. Eteraz writes,
Eteraz, Ali. and#34;Pakistanand#39;s Police Problems.and#34; The Guardian. N.p., 22 Feb. 2008.18 Aug. 2013., http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2008/feb/22/pakistanspoliceproblems.

Yet, when it comes  … to make sure of that

Pakistani collapse guarantees loose nukes triggering global nuclear war. Pitt,
William Pits. Bad Trouble in Pakistan. 2009. http://www.truth-out.org/archive/item/83921:bad-trouble-in-pakistan

Pakistan is now … should we all.

Advantage 2

Women’s suffrage in Pakistan is an ignored international issue and it’s only going to get worse – the Taliban is currently threatening to kill female voters and voter activists. France-Presse 5/11:
France-Presse, Agence. “Pakistani women stopped from voting in Taliban stronghold of Waziristan.” The Raw Story. May 11, 2013.
http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2013/05/11/pakistani-women-stopped-from-voting-in-taliban-stronghold-of-waziristan/

Women were stopped … said the pamphlet, signed by “Mujahedeen” and thrown from vehicles into shops.

Only compulsory voting removes structural barriers that prevent women from going to the voting booth. Zafar continues,
Ali Zafar, Women’s rights and compulsory voting, http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/columns/08-May-2008/Womens-rights-and-compulsory-voting

Imagine living in … in this area.

And, women’s voting prevents Indo-Pak conflict, women are key to the peace movement. Manchada explains,
Rita Manchada, Redefining and Feminising Security, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4410690, Economic and Political Weekly

Internationally, south Asia …. men stayed inside.

Any India/Pakistan conflict will go nuclear. Schram writes,
SCHRAM: India-Pakistan nuclear … in the capitals. 

Even a limited nuclear war between India and Pakistan causes extinction. Fox writes,
Maggie Fox, Reuters, http://www.hindustantimes.com/News-Feed/World/Indo-Pak-N-war-may-cause-ozone-hole/Article1-303134.aspx, Indo-Pak N-War may cause ozone hole

WASHINGTON - Nuclear war ….Toon said in a statement.

Extinction must matter under any framework. Traditional ethics must be abandoned in the face of extinction in order to ensure that deliberation over the alternatives can continue. Bostrom,
Nick Bostrom ‘11, “The Concept of Existential Risk”, 2011, Future of Humanity Institute, Oxford Martin School and Faculty of Philosophy http://www.existential-risk.org/concept.html
These reflections on … if possible, improved).