The judge should assume the position of a critical intellectual, interrogating the discourses and unnoticed assumptions behind arguments. This intellectual criticism outweighs policy proposals. Jones writes, Richard Wyn Jones, 1999, Professor International Politics at Aberystwyth University, Security, Strategy, and Critical Theory, p. 155-163 The central political …critical security studies.
We must examine the discourses and assumptions that go unnoticed behind our arguments. This enables an ethical intellectual self-constitution which avoids how their commitment to legal reform short-circuits the efficacy of their criticism. Foucault writes, Foucault, 1980 (Michel, “Questions of Method,” in “The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality,” (1991), by Michel Foucault, Graham Burchell, and Colin Gordon, p. 82-85) You're quite right … realized their ideas. This means that even if the aff arguments are true, the alternative is the only one that actually achieves true reform. The affirmative advocacy of prescribing one route of policy limits further criticism from taking place, and paralyzes social workers. Opening up space for deliberation ensures that the best option is taken. They have to prove their advocacy actually causes real change for any of their other arguments to even matter. If we win Foucault, we win the round, since we ensure the most preferable reform to take place.
And, analysis of in round discourse comes first because it precedes any normative or political discussion of the merits of the resolution. Bleiker writes, Bleiker, Roland. professor of IR @ U of Queensland “Discourse and Human Agency.” Contemporary Political Theory, 2003 ‘It is within …thereby becomes improbable.’
Part 2 is the Links.
Our democracy is a sham. Our votes mean NOTHING. Status quo activism taking the wrong approach. Silver writes, Tim Silver, June 23, 2013, An Analysis of the One Party State: At the top of the political pyramid, there is not a constant trade-off between Liberal and Conservative agendas, there is only THE Agenda, The people’s history, http://www.thepeopleshistory.net/2013/06/an-analysis-of-one-party-state-at-top.html Globalization A key …. behind the curtain?'
Compulsory voting is the exact sort of wrong that capitalism brings about. Compulsory voting is a way to entrench capitalism even deeper in our society by removing capacities for social rebellion. Tad writes, Dr. Tad, Januar 23,2011, Compulsory voting: More to do with legitimating state rule than democracy, Left Flank, http://left-flank.org/2011/01/23/compulsory-voting-more-to-do-with-legitimating-state-rule-than-democracy/ One progressive argument …. the state’s class nature.
The affirmative is a way to mask the truth and distracts the middle class from revolting by granting them small steps. CV represents the EXACT harms that silver outlines. The rebels must recognize the truth before we can take any sort of rebellious action. Tad writes, Dr. Tad, Januar 23,2011, Compulsory voting: More to do with legitimating state rule than democracy, Left Flank, http://left-flank.org/2011/01/23/compulsory-voting-more-to-do-with-legitimating-state-rule-than-democracy/
Despite claims that …. set by our rulers.
Part 3 is the Impact.
Realizing that the epistemology of capitalism manipulates our understanding of policy, it is imperative that we critique first. Marsh writes, Marsh 95- Professor of Philosophy at Fordham University, PhD from Northwestern University (James, Critique Action and Liberation, p 331-2) Is it reasonable, … such a judgment. (Optional Extinction Impact) Capitalist territorialization and oppression of minorities causes the death of the biosphere and nuclear conflicts over resource optimization – that’s extinction. Massumi writes, Massumi 92, (Brian, pHD in Philosophy @ Yale, A user’s guide to capitalism and schizophrenia 1992. P 137-8) "Postmodernity" is not … transcend forced personification). Part 4 is the Alternative. The alternative is to do Nothing and practice Nothingness until a proper strategy against capitalism has materialized. Tad and Foucault indicates that we need time to gather our ranks and continually critique. Participation ensures the system is reproduced. Our withdrawal clears the way for revolutionary activity. Vighi and Feldner writes, Vighi and Feldner, 2009 (Fabio, PhD, lecturer in Italian at the School of European Studies at Cardiff University, and Heiko, PhD, Lecturer in Modern German History at Cardiff University, “Pathological Attachments: Slavoj Zizek on Anticapitalism and Liberal Democracy,” Rethinking Marxism Volume 21 Number 2, April, p. 295-296, TH) From this viewpoint, … comes into play.
At best, even if I lose the rest of the critique, Feldner shows that the affirmative can never solve for the impacts they talk about in the AC, since the state will eventually revert back to the old system of doing things, functioning as a roll back argument. The capitalist system just continues the cycle by trying to make small fixes from time to time, and by appeasing the public by baiting them. We need to jam the cogs of the machine. The perm is just another link—they can’t resist the desire to act.
9/22/13
Federalism DA
Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 1 | Opponent: Opponent | Judge: Uniqueness: Federalism is on the brink now—the bubble has been growing. Robb 13 Robert, “Obama and the Death of Federalism” February 20, 2013”
CV violates the constitution-states rights.
We are a … is badly needed.
Link: CV violates states rights, and increases federal oversight.
Denniston 12 Lyle, “Constitution Check: Could voting be made mandatory?” Constitution Daily, 2/12/13
No doubt, a … to be conducted.
Impact: Federalism magnifies the impact of natural disasters by making states complicit with basic federal regulations.
Governing Magazine, 2005 (RISK AND RESPONSIBILITY, October, 2005, LEXIS)
After Hurricane Frances … governments become complacent.and#34;
Lack of preparedness and rapid response will allow the new wave of disasters to render the earth uninhabitable
Tournament: CPS | Round: 1 | Opponent: X | Judge: X Environmental discourse tool of neo-colonialism and capitalist corporations. Philip 01, Kavita Philip (2001) Seeds of Neo-Colonialism? Reflections on Ecological Politics in the New World Order, Capitalism Nature Socialism, 12:2, 3-47, In the first half of this article, I advocated the practice of a materially AND the risk of obscuring the stratifications and competing interests within Southern societies themselves.
Class focus must come first – it is the root cause of all oppression. Kovel 07, Kovel, Prof. of Social Studies @ Bard, 2007 Joel, “The Enemy of Nature”, p. 140- If, however, we ask the question of efficacy, that is, AND unfolding of contemporary ecological struggles, as we discuss in the next section.
The alternative is to reject my opponent in favor of embracing pedagogical Marxist socialism. It is the role of educators to expand our understandings of alternatives to capitalism. D’Annibale, Valerie Scatamburlo-D’Annibale, award-winning author and educator, is an Associate Professor of Communication Studies @ University of Windsor “Imagining the Impossible: Revolutionary Critical Pedagogy Against the 21st Century American Imperium” International Journal of Progressive Education Vol: 2 Issue: 3 The Boy Emperor and his minions would have us believe that our only choice is AND historian, scholar, and activist Studs Terkel, that hope dies last.
12/22/13
JanFeb Development K
Tournament: CPS | Round: 1 | Opponent: X | Judge: X Development discourse breeds imperialism and oppresses the third world—also turns case; dooms environmental protection efforts. Berger 12’ JAMIE BERGER, MAY 29, 2012, The Harmful Discourse of Development: A Look at India, http://intellectualyst.com/the-harmful-discourse-of-development-a-look-at-india-534/ In a speech at the Congress of Black African Writers in 1959, Frantz Fanon AND feel immense growing pains and will place considerable strain on the world’s resources. And, we cannot re-appropriate the meaning of the word—its historical connotation is too power to overcome. Cross 95, JOHN CROSS. NAFTA, Capitalism and Alternatives, Debate. https://cs.uwaterloo.ca/~alopez-o/politics/NAFTAmail/msg00023.html. 1995. I agree that, at least at level of the choice of language, AND we often do well to scrap jetison the old jargon and start fresh. And, neoliberalism prevents actions against climate change in exchange for market-based incentives which don’t generate change—turns case. Okereke 08’ Okereke 8 (Chukwumerije, Senior Research Associate at the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, “Equity Norms in Global Environmental Governance” August, Vol 8 No 3 http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/global_environmental_politics/v008/8.3.okereke.html) JL The foregoing analysis suggests that the limited impact of CDR and CHM norms—and AND by the market and without violating the sacred canons of the neoliberal order.
Imperialism leads to unending violence and extinction Eckhardt 90’ Eckhardt 1990 (William, Lentz Peace Research Laboratory of St. Louis, JOURNAL OF PEACE RESEARCH, February 1990, p. 15-16) Modern Western Civilization used war as well as peace to gain the whole world as AND challenge is very urgent indeed. Life itself may depend upon our choice.
The alternative is to reject the affirmative’s discourse—only through linguistic deconstruction can we promote real change. Kobayashi 94, Kobayashi 94 (Audrey, Direct. Institute of Women’s Studies @ Queen’s, Gender, Place, and Culture: A Journal of Feminist Geography 1, 2, p. 225, JM) What we can hope, for the moment, is to become more adept at AND processes will go on, but hopefully at a higher level of competence.
And, the role of the ballot and judge as an educator is to reject arguments based on asymmetrical power relations—because pedagogical contexts are inherently political, we have a unique opportunity to promote real change. Trifonas 03, PETER PERICLES TRIFONAS. PEDAGOGIES OF DIFFERENCE: RETHINKING EDUCATION FOR SOCIAL CHANGE/ RoutledgeFalmer. New York, London. 2003. Questia. Just as objective social reality exists not by chance, but as the product of AND , a decolonizing pedagogy addresses both the means and the ends of schooling. Trifonas 03 Continues, PETER PERICLES TRIFONAS. PEDAGOGIES OF DIFFERENCE: RETHINKING EDUCATION FOR SOCIAL CHANGE/ RoutledgeFalmer. New York, London. 2003. Questia. If we superimpose my formulation of “power as relation” on the discussion concerning AND to make the world a better place for us and for our children. Language evaluation, in the context of the environment is particularly important—shapes our understanding of environmental policy and philosophy—means the K comes first. Meisner 95, Mark Meisner Faculty of Environmental Studies • York University. RESOURCIST LANGUAGE: THE SYMBOLIC ENSLAVEMENT OF NATURE. 1995. Language is a central part of how humans view and act in the world. AND 1991). To explore that register, I now turn to my taxonomy.
12/22/13
JanFeb Extra T Interp
Tournament: TOC | Round: 1 | Opponent: X | Judge: X A) The affirmative must only defend actions which directly decrease resource extraction--that is all parts of the plan must directly affirm the resolution, they must not claim that the effects of the affirmative policies will decrease resource extraction.
C) US-China war goes nuclear- turns into World War 3. Hunkovic, American Military University 2009 Lee J, 2009, “The Chinese-Taiwanese Conflict Possible Futures of a Confrontation between China, Taiwan and the United States of America”, http://www.lamp-method.org/eCommons/Hunkovic.pdf A war between China, … considered in this study
1/20/14
JanFeb Naval Power DA
Tournament: VBT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Loyola CK | Judge: X A) Naval readiness is strong- now is key to deter conflict Katz, 13 -- retired vice admiral, former commander of the Fifth Fleet Doublas, "A Strong Navy," The Hill, 1-3-13, thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/economy-a-budget/275395-a-strong-navy, accessed 1-24-13, mss
On the other hand, …where they flare up. B) Expanded gas drilling destroys naval readiness- current leases don’t trigger Weiss, 12 -- Center for American Progress Action Fund senior fellow Daniel, "The American Energy Initiative," Congressional Documents and Publications, 9-13-12, l/n, accessed 1-31-13, mss
There have been … Congressional Budget Office. n69 C) Strong navy de-escalates all conflict and deters great power war Roughead, 7 -- Admiral, US Navy, Chief of Naval Operations Gary, James Conway, General, US Marine Corps, and Thad Allen, Admiral, US Coast Guard, "A Cooperative Strategy for 21st Century Seapower," Oct 2007, www.navy.mil/maritime/Maritimestrategy.pdf, accessed 1-24-13, mss This strategy reaffirms …, and with nuclear forces.
1/20/14
JanFeb Resourcism K
Tournament: TOC | Round: 1 | Opponent: X | Judge: X There’s a reason why we continue to fail to protect the environment – the aff is part of a long tradition of claiming the environment is an object we can exploit, but that they will choose to be kind enough not to. That ideology guarantees protection will be unachievable and supports a culture of violation and consumption. Evernden ‘85 Evernden, professor of environmental studies at York University, 1985 (Neil, The Natural Alien, p. 23) Resourcism is a kind of modern religion which casts all of creation into categories of AND and given support to a cultural imperative that neutralizes and debases life itself. Their language is important – the ideas we talk about are constructed in our language and are influenced by them. The substance of the action they take may be a net good, but it’s the equivalent of using racial slurs while arguing for civil rights, their words are what set up the possibility for domination in the first place. Meisner 95 explains specifically in the context of “natural resource”, Mark Meisner Faculty of Environmental Studies • York University. RESOURCIST LANGUAGE: THE SYMBOLIC ENSLAVEMENT OF NATURE. 1995. Language is a central part of how humans view and act in the world. AND 1991). To explore that register, I now turn to my taxonomy.
This ideology of consumption is what enables the domination of nature – that’s the root cause of aff impact . They solve for a single consequence while breeding the real problem behind the scenes. Murphy ‘03 Murphy, Andrew. Environmental Ethics "Environmentalism, Antimodermsm, an Recurrent Rhetoric of Decline" vol.25. 2003. (Assistant Professor of Political Philosophy and Humanities in Christ College, the honors college of Valparaiso University) p82. (1) What is wrong? Twenty-first century society has "transgressed AND the environment has resulted in an ecological catastrophe that threatens our very existence. That label, “natural resources,” enslaves nature for the benefits of humankind – encourages a truth narrative that only describes how “kind” we have been to nature without recognizing their equality. The only way to begin to solve is to change our discourse. Meisner ’95, Meisner, professor of environmental studies at York University, 1995 (Mark, “Resourcist Language: The Symbolic Enslavement of Nature”, Proceedings of the Conference on Communication and Our Environment, ed: David Sachsman, p. 241-2) When we use resourcist language it is easy to forget that we are talking about AND . not an inanimate object, but a being with its own subjectivity. The affirmative’s attempt to “save” species in a reserve masks expansions of human control, it’s the way we view nature as though certain species are important solely as a result of bio-diversity. Evernden ‘92 Neil Evernden, professor of Environmental Studies at York, The Social Creation of Nature, 1992, p 130 In his study of endangered species, Charles Bergman reflected on the source of our AND to remove the taste of wild impurities, there seems no threat of insurrection The problem is more than just the language they use but also what that language implies about their thought process – the idea that nature is something that can be used enables us to use them, they represent the benevolent dictator that decides not to extract. The alternative is to question the discourse of the 1AC. We open up avenues to rethink our relationship with nature – we open avenues for resistence. Palmer ’98, M. Jimmie Killingsworth and Jacqueline S. Palmer, Professor of English at Texas AandM and Associate Director, Writing Programs Office, Landmark Essays on Rhetoric and the Environment, 1998, p.230-1 'Our thesis has been that rhetoric offers resources to the ecophilosophical that increase its potential AND impressions of the environmental movement and for regaining its co-opted power. And, there are clear alternatives – change the “resources” to “phenomena” and we begin to recognize nature as an entity away from humankind. Dilworth ‘01 Dilworth, Acting secretary for HOPE: Helping Our Peninsula’s Environment, 2001 (David, “Sanctuary Management Plan Requested Improvements”, December 8, http://www.1hope.org/sancplan.htm) We urge changing all use of the term "Natural Resources" to "Natural Phenomena" because "resources" strongly implies things to be used whereas phenomena may be things which are simply left alone. The negative doesn’t deny that the action of the affirmative is a bad one but rather that we should separate the merits of the action from their discourse – the 1AC is conceptually tied to their view of “resources;” the debate is no longer a question of the whether the AC is good, but rather whether the affirmative’s characterization of nature is better than ours. Regardless, the kritik outweighs the case, four warrants:
It outweighs on magnitude – the resourcist label promotes the culture of consumption. Extinction is inevitable unless we change our relationship with nature. Murphy ‘03 Murphy, Andrew. Environmental Ethics "Environmentalism, Antimodermsm, an Recurrent Rhetoric of Decline" vol.25. 2003. (Assistant Professor of Political Philosophy and Humanities in Christ College, the honors college of Valparaiso University) p82. (1) What is wrong? Twenty-first century society has "transgressed AND the environment has resulted in an ecological catastrophe that threatens our very existence. 2. Turns case because they might create a short term change but the problem will inevitably resurface as long as society views nature as a resource—they store nature in a jar with a label “to be used by future generations.” 3. They debase the value of life, our Evernden evidence says that we devalue life because all value is monetized and equated to the money that we can buy it with. Dillon ‘99 Dillon, professor of politics at the University of Lancaster, 1999 (Michael, Political Theory, April, ingenta select) Quite the reverse. The subject was never a firm foundation for justice, much AND Justice, is integral to the lack constitutive of the humanway of being. 4. The case also turns in the short-term because exploitation will occur whenever its politically expedient. Evernden ‘85 Evernden, professor of environmental studies at York University, 1985 (Neil, The Natural Alien, p. 9-10) But something is lost or compromised in this change of emphasis. This much has AND want, without having to contend with the attitudes embraced by the majority.
4/26/14
JanFeb Saudi Prolif DA
Tournament: CPS | Round: 1 | Opponent: X | Judge: X A) Uniqueness: US support prevents Saudi Arabia from acquiring a bomb—if relations fail they will develop nuclear weapons. Guzansky 13’ Yoel Guzansky is a fellow at the Institute for National Security Studies, Tel Aviv University. His main research area is Gulf security. He has also served as Iran coordinator at Israel's National Security Council. His recent publications include The Gulf States in a Changing Strategic Environment (2012), One Year of the Arab Spring: Global and Regional Implications, and The Gulf States: Between Iran and the West – Middle East Quarterly¶ Spring 2013, pp. 59-64 – available at: http://www.meforum.org/3512/saudi-arabia-pakistan-nuclear-weapon Continued Iranian progress toward a nuclear weapon, Iraq's increasing alignment with Tehran, and AND , to reduce risks and ensure the continuity of the House of Saud. B) Link: oil imports from Saudi Arabia uniquely key for Saudi-US relations. Arab America Giving writes, Arab American Giving, The Importance of Saudi Arabia to the US Economy, http://www.arabamericangiving.org/the-importance-of-saudi-arabia-to-the-us-economy.php The US economy is highly dependent on oil, relying on oil for about 40 AND to make it possible for the US to trade with other Arab countries. C) Impact: Saudi prolif causes nuclear war. Edelman 11’ Edelman ‘11 (Eric –Distinguished Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments and Former U.S. Undersecretary of Defense for Policy, Foreign Affairs, Jan/Feb, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67162/eric-s-edelman-andrew-f-krepinevich-jr-and-evan-braden-montgomer/the-dangers-of-a-nuclear-iran) There is, however, at least one state that could receive significant outside support AND Middle East could lead to a new Great Game, with unpredictable consequences.
12/22/13
Judicial Power DA
Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart KH | Judge: John Scoggin The affirmative kills judicial power—leads to tyranny. Heidi Boghosian, 2006, Death Knell for the American Right to Counsel, The Lynne Stewart Case and the Impact of Federal Government Spying on Attorneys, National Lawyers Guild, New York, CR: The New Centennial Review 6.1 () 103-131
The government typically…of combating terrorism.
And, the abduction of judicial power causes tyranny which outweighs nuclear war. Martin H. Redish (Professor Of Law And Public Policy, Northwestern University) and Elizabeth J. Cisar (Law Clerk to United States Court of Appeals) December 1991 Duke Law Journal 1991 Duke L.J. 449 It might be argued, told you so."
11/24/13
NOV-DEC CLS K
Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: X | Judge: X The role of the ballot and judge as an educator is to reject arguments based on asymmetrical power relations—because pedagogical contexts are inherently political, we have a unique opportunity to promote real change. Trifonas 03, PETER PERICLES TRIFONAS. PEDAGOGIES OF DIFFERENCE: RETHINKING EDUCATION FOR SOCIAL CHANGE/ RoutledgeFalmer. New York, London. 2003. Questia. Just as objective social...and the ends of schooling.
Trifonas 03 Continues, If we superimpose my formulation...and for our children.
First, the affirmative treats the shortcoming of existing laws, like the harms of overly expansive attorney-client privilege, as problems that can be solved through minor adjustments in other legal statutes. As a result, the law comes to be seen as a perfect and necessary structure that legitimizes the existence of exploitation and suffering. Gordon ’87, Robert W. Gordon, Professor of Law at Stanford University, 1987 “Unfreezing Legal Reality: Critical Approaches To Law,” Florida State University Law Review (15 Fla. St. U.L. Rev. 195), Summer Now a central tenet...evil of despotic power.
Second, the affirmative attempts to resolve a legal dispute in the squo over the use of attorney-client privilege through the application of supposedly objective values like the affirmative standard, thereby legitimating the entire system and the system’s exclusion of certain groups from the political process. Schegel 01, Henry Schegel, Professor of Law, State University of New York at Buffalo, 2001 (CARDOZO LAW REVIEW, March, SYMPOSIUM CRITICAL LEGAL HISTORIES: OF DUNCAN, PETER, AND THOMAS KUHN p. 1067-8) From the judge's perspective...part of political theory.
First is link to the role of the ballot. Gordon states the discourse of the AC emphasizes submission to the law over personal action—strongest internal link to trifonas and Singer as our role in a legal topic is active criticism.
Second, their form of legal interpretation is violent, ensures dominance and destroys frames of thinking. Henderson ’91, Lynne Henderson, Professor of Law at the Indiana University School of Law at Bloomington, 1991 “Authoritarianism and the Rule of Law,” Indiana Law Journal (66 Ind. L.J. 379), Spring, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via Lexis-Nexis The lack of scholarly acknowledgment...common meaning and law.
Third, the kritik is a reason to question their epistemic origins – their authors are suspect, they’re written to frame the debate in one that only lawyers and judges can access. Kairys ’84, Kairys, (Law Professor at Temple) 84 (36 Suffolk U. L. Rev. 307, ARTICLE: Searching for the Rule of Law, David). Law claims to resolve...and power relations.
The negative advocates a rejection of the faith the affirmative places in the laws ability to solve social problems in favor of critical analysis of the laws purported objectivity and its violent exclusion of alternative perspectives criticize. Singer ’94, “The Player and the Cards: Nihilism and Legal Theory,” Yale Law Journal (94 Yale L.J. 1), November, http://www.jstor.org/stable/796315 What shall we do then abouthave to answer that question ourselves.
This is a pre-requisite to the ethical decision making of the affirmative case—revealing the bankruptcy of the affirmative’s legal thought is key. Singer 84, Joseph William Singer, Associate Professor of Law at Boston University, 1984 “The Player and the Cards: Nihilism and Legal Theory,” Yale Law Journal (94 Yale L.J. 1), November, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via Lexis-Nexis The way out of this...choice is always the same.
11/23/13
NOV-DEC CLS K
Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: X | Judge: X The role of the ballot and judge as an educator is to reject arguments based on asymmetrical power relations—because pedagogical contexts are inherently political, we have a unique opportunity to promote real change. Trifonas 03, PETER PERICLES TRIFONAS. PEDAGOGIES OF DIFFERENCE: RETHINKING EDUCATION FOR SOCIAL CHANGE/ RoutledgeFalmer. New York, London. 2003. Questia. Just as objective social...and the ends of schooling.
Trifonas 03 Continues, If we superimpose my formulation...and for our children.
First, the affirmative treats the shortcoming of existing laws, like the harms of overly expansive attorney-client privilege, as problems that can be solved through minor adjustments in other legal statutes. As a result, the law comes to be seen as a perfect and necessary structure that legitimizes the existence of exploitation and suffering. Gordon ’87, Robert W. Gordon, Professor of Law at Stanford University, 1987 “Unfreezing Legal Reality: Critical Approaches To Law,” Florida State University Law Review (15 Fla. St. U.L. Rev. 195), Summer Now a central tenet...evil of despotic power.
Second, the affirmative attempts to resolve a legal dispute in the squo over the use of attorney-client privilege through the application of supposedly objective values like the affirmative standard, thereby legitimating the entire system and the system’s exclusion of certain groups from the political process. Schegel 01, Henry Schegel, Professor of Law, State University of New York at Buffalo, 2001 (CARDOZO LAW REVIEW, March, SYMPOSIUM CRITICAL LEGAL HISTORIES: OF DUNCAN, PETER, AND THOMAS KUHN p. 1067-8) From the judge's perspective...part of political theory.
First is link to the role of the ballot. Gordon states the discourse of the AC emphasizes submission to the law over personal action—strongest internal link to trifonas and Singer as our role in a legal topic is active criticism.
Second, their form of legal interpretation is violent, ensures dominance and destroys frames of thinking. Henderson ’91, Lynne Henderson, Professor of Law at the Indiana University School of Law at Bloomington, 1991 “Authoritarianism and the Rule of Law,” Indiana Law Journal (66 Ind. L.J. 379), Spring, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via Lexis-Nexis The lack of scholarly acknowledgment...common meaning and law.
Third, the kritik is a reason to question their epistemic origins – their authors are suspect, they’re written to frame the debate in one that only lawyers and judges can access. Kairys ’84, Kairys, (Law Professor at Temple) 84 (36 Suffolk U. L. Rev. 307, ARTICLE: Searching for the Rule of Law, David). Law claims to resolve...and power relations.
The negative advocates a rejection of the faith the affirmative places in the laws ability to solve social problems in favor of critical analysis of the laws purported objectivity and its violent exclusion of alternative perspectives criticize. Singer ’94, “The Player and the Cards: Nihilism and Legal Theory,” Yale Law Journal (94 Yale L.J. 1), November, http://www.jstor.org/stable/796315 What shall we do then abouthave to answer that question ourselves.
This is a pre-requisite to the ethical decision making of the affirmative case—revealing the bankruptcy of the affirmative’s legal thought is key. Singer 84, Joseph William Singer, Associate Professor of Law at Boston University, 1984 “The Player and the Cards: Nihilism and Legal Theory,” Yale Law Journal (94 Yale L.J. 1), November, Available Online to Subscribing Institutions via Lexis-Nexis The way out of this...choice is always the same.
11/23/13
NOV-DEC Deontology NC
Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 3 | Opponent: Loyola CK | Judge: Jerry Primape Chen The standard is preserving agency This is because it’s logically impossible to reject agency, since one must utilize agency to do so. Ferrero writes:
Agency is a very… its discursive mode.
I contend that affirming violates outer freedom. This is because a person’s identity is defined by the information people know about him. Floridi explains :
Such re-interpretation is… to embrace freely.
This implies that agents have the right to have full control over what information becomes public knowledge, so ACP is necessary to protect inherent privacy rights. Floridi 2: Looking at the… be respected.
B) Link: The effectiveness of the U.S. tax system depends upon maintaining ACP protections. ACP is uniquely necessary in the context of Tax Law. Voltz 09, William H. Volz Professor of Business Law and Ethics, Wayne State University and Theresa Ellis Associate Attorney, Garrison LawHouse. An Attorney-Client Privilege For Embattled Tax Practitioners: A Legislative Response To Uncertain Legal Counsel Hofstra Law Review, Vol. 38:213, 2009. The powerful argument behind...on voluntary compliance.226
C) Impact: Sustained budget deficits will cause economic collapse Atman et al. 12, “Reforming Our Tax System, Reducing Our Deficit.” Roger Altman, William Daley, John Podesta, Robert Rubin, Leslie Samuels, Lawrence Summers, Neera Tanden, Antonio Weiss, with Michael Ettlinger, Seth Hanlon, and Michael Linden. December 4, 2012. http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/tax-reform/report/2012/12/04/46689/reforming-our-tax-system-reducing-our-deficit/ There are very few things...the debt-to-GDP ratio.
Economic collapse causes global nuclear war. Friedberg and Schoenfeld 08, Friedberg and Schoenfeld, 2008 Aaron, Prof. Politics. And IR @ Princeton’s Woodrow Wilson School and Visiting Scholar @ Witherspoon Institute, and Gabriel, Senior Editor of Commentary and Wall Street Journal, “The Dangers of a Diminished America” http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122455074012352571.html Then there are the dolorous...with external adventures.
Counterplan Text: Democracies will adopt a system of opt-out registration and opt-out voting. The United States will adopt Opt-Out through courts. Pitts explains opt out registration, Michael J. Pitts Associate professor, Indiana University School of Law-Indianapolis. Opt-Out Voting. Hofstra Law Review Association. 2011. “Yet some argue that…None of the Above."
B) Competition:
First, Opt-out voting is not compulsory—doesn’t force individuals to vote. Pitts writes, Michael J. Pitts Associate professor, Indiana University School of Law-Indianapolis. Opt-Out Voting. Hofstra Law Review Association. 2011. “Despite an inability…remain on the sidelines. n77”
C) Solvency/Net-Benefits:
First, Mandatory voter registration solves turnout problems. Halperin writes, Jason P.W. Halperin NYU School of Law. A Winner at the Polls: A Proposal for Mandatory Vorter Registration. NYU Journal of Legislation and Public Policy. 200. “Creating the office of voter registration OVR would enable the nation to do away with two other historic drains …surge of interested voters.”
Second, Opt-out voting increases participation and informed voting decisions—four reasons. Pitts writes, Michael J. Pitts Associate professor, Indiana University School of Law-Indianapolis. Opt-Out Voting. Hofstra Law Review Association. 2011. “One of the main problems…extra nudge to cast ballots.”
9/22/13
Politics DA
Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 1 | Opponent: Opponent | Judge: Congress will pass debt ceiling now. Taylor 9/12, Taylor 9/12/13 (Andrew, Associated Press, GOP Leaders Confounded on Stopgap Spending Billand#34 “The speaker met…havoc with the markets.and#34;
Second is Republicans. Liu ’12, Liu, Eric, 2012, Time, Should Voting Be Mandatory?, http://ideas.time.com/2012/08/21/should-voting-be-mandatory/?iid=op-main-lede “Some Republicans will…voting on public issues.” And, failure to raise the debt ceiling destroys the economy – investor uncertainty. Masters ’13, Masters 13 (Jonathan, Deputy Editor at the Council on Foreign Relations, Backgrounder, jan 2 2013and#34;US Debt Ceiling. Costs and Consequencesand#34 “Most economists, including…effects on the economy.and#34;
And, extinction – econ collapse causes global nuclear war. Freidberg and Schoenfield, Freidberg and Schoenfield,. The Dangers of a Diminished America. 2008. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122455074012352571.html “Then there are…with external adventures.”
