Tournament: Apple Valley | Round: 3 | Opponent: Greenhill Mathur | Judge: Brian Plunkett

First, your impact has been empirically disproven thousands of millions of times
Boutler, 2

(Michael, “A Dead Certainty,” Geographical (Campion Interactive Publishing), professor for paleobiology at the Natural History Museum and the University of East London. Launched Fossil Record 2, editor Palaeontological Association, secretary International Organisation of Palaeobotany and UK representative at the International Union of Biological Sciences, EBSCO, JPL)

Almost all species that have ever e
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 sixth is now thought to be in progress

99.9 of all species who have ever lived are gone, and life continues
ESI, 11

 (Endangered Species International, 2011, “Overview,” staff is interdisciplinary ranging from endangered species experts, scientists, conservation awareness and communication leaders, JPL)

Time periods in the history of life
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 existed on Earth are extinct.

100 extinctions happen every day and 700 important species have died out since 1600
ASPCA, 12

 (ASPCA, 2012, “Endangered Species,” JPL)

Since 1600, more than 700 species of plants
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about one species every 15 minutes.

Human abuse allows rebirth of new ecosystems
Boulter, 2

 Michael, professor for paleobiology at the Natural History Museum and the University of East London. Launched Fossil Record 2, editor Palaeontological Association, secretary International Organisation of Palaeobotany and UK representative at the International Union of Biological Sciences, "Extinction: Evolution and the End of Man" p. 170-171

The same trend of long-drawn-out survival of the final relicts has been further considered by Bob may’s group at Oxford, particularly sean Nee.  The Oxford Group are vociferous wailers
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selection of vulnerable organisms.

Complex systems are more prone to total failure – simple ones are stable
Heath 99

 (Jim Heath, 1999, Orchids Australia, December, http://www.orchidsaustralia.com/whysave.htm)

Some people say we can’t afford to lose any species, no matter what
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 diversity makes the biological world more stable.  

The Impact Is Extinction
Boulter, 2

 (Michael, professor of paleobiology at the University of East London, Extinction: Evolution and the End of Man, p. 67)

If biological evolution really is a self-organized Earth-Life system t
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necessary to retain life on this planet.

Insects won't go extinct
Simon, 98

 (Julian, world-renowned economist, The Ultimate Resource II, Feb 16 http://www.juliansimon.com/writings/Ultimate_Resource/TCHAR31.txt)

The species that are supposedly little
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Mediterranean fruit fly ("Medfly")in California

Deforestation makes biodiversity loss inevitable
Cardillo, 6

(Marcel, Division of Biology, Imperial College London, 2006, “Disappearing forests and biodiversity loss: which areas should we protect?,” International Forestry Review Volume 8, Issue 2, http://www.tempoandmode.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/int-forestry-review-june-2006-cardillo.pdf, Hensel)

The destruction of forests and other habitats is the single
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of forest loss to 2020 (Grelle 2005).

Tournament: Collegiate RR | Round: 5 | Opponent: Bronx Science Davis-Marks | Judge: John Heizelman  Eric Melin
Capitalism is just a shift in patriarchy from the private to public sphere

Johannsdottir 09

Johannsdottir, Nina Katrin. “Patriarchy and the subordination of women: from a radical feminist point of view”.Peter Knutsson. 2009.
We can go back... century, accelerated" (Walby, 1990, 200).

Capitalism enables elites to dominate politics—it does not foster real democracy.
Reich, 07 (Robert B., former Harvard University professor, “How capitalism is killing democracy,” Foreign Policy, September-October, accessed online using General OneFile, 07-17-08)
It was supposed to be a match made in heaven ... such as global warming.

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 4 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart Hughes | Judge: Tim Alderete

For anything I read in the NR/blocks/etc email me at a917503295@gmail.com
If you need a resource to access an article on my wiki which your school doesn't provide, feel free to contact me then as well.

Tournament: Collegiate RR | Round: 2 | Opponent: Northland Christian LaBarre | Judge: Ben Koh  Abhi Elisetty
Democracy does not exist. Democracy has never existed. The feminine is always already excluded from the political calculations of “democracy,” and the affirmative’s assertion that democracy is real only perpetuates the problem. The nature of “democracy” is a prior question to the debate they want to have.
Vickers 06
Vickers, Jill PhD, professor of political science at Carleton University. “When Women Are Allies: Can We Make ‘Women-Friendly’ Democracies Out of Patriarchal Nation-States?”. 2006.
The millenia-long link ... can be replicated elsewhere

This makes the question of the resolution a sort of cruel joke. This thing known as democracy is, in and of itself, a form of structural violence rigged against females from the beginning because citizenship and government processes are constructed in a masculine light, and everything else follows from that construction. The AC’s covering up of the complete failure of the democratic system allows these issues to go unobstructed. The foundation of the political is in the social, so all change must begin in a restructured view of social relations

Mazurana and McKay 01

Mazurana, Dyan associate research professor at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy; Tufts University research director of gender, youth and community at the Fenstein International Center; Cathy Cohen Lasry visiting professor of comparative genocide studies at the Strassler Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies. McKay, Susan professor of gender and women’s studies at the University of Wyoming. “Women, Girls, and Structural Violence: A Global Analysis”. Pg 130-138ish. Peace, Conflict and Violence. 2001.
Politics and legal systems ...relations is impossible (Phillips, 1991).

Vote neg as an alt to the processes of the squo
Speech acts first- how we are positioned in debate is a prereq to interpreting the resolution
Discourse shapes reality
Aff burden is to prove that the assumptions of the aff is preferable to the alt

I advocate the subversion of the dominant discourse of the masculine conception of citizenship and democracy in the social to empower the feminine discourse that has always been excluded in the current system
The way we view the world and its connection to both the masculine and the feminine is directly dependent upon how we speak about these issues. Speech has the power to undermine hegemonic structures and restructure the social.
Tickner 13
Tickner, Ann J feminist IR theorist, professor at School of Int’l Relations USC LA. “Gendering World Politics: Issues and Approaches in the Post-Cold War Era”. Columbia University Press. 2013.
Claiming that discourse analysis ... resistance to a dominating discourse.

This is the only way to prevent violence as a product of the ideology of the resolution. The idea of a single, definable, static political, or a single, static idea of “democracy” is exactly what led to the marginalization of women and the minority Other in the first place. Failure to question the language and intent of the resolution results in xenophjobic violence and domination
Junn 97
Junn, Jane associate professor of political science at Rutgers. “Women Transforming Politics: An Alternative Reader – Assimilating or Coloring Participation? Gender, Race, and Democratic Political Participation”. Pg 387ish. NYU Press. 1997.
The justification of more participation ... have its intended consequences.

To win their fairness or education impacts they must weigh them against the marginalization of the feminine; the only way to reflect on and reduce the causes and consequences of structural violence is to engage in conversation about such problems. Abstract debate about the resolution or a plan for some government policy does nothing. Further, having a values debate before recognizing the importance of structural violence is moot because structural violence causes us to divide others into categories that are worthy and unworthy of our values, making them meaningless.

Winter and Leighton

Deborah DuNann Winter and Dana C. Leighton. Winter: Psychologist that specializes in Social Psych, Counseling Psych, Historical and Contemporary Issues, Peace Psychology. Leighton: PhD graduate student in the Psychology Department at the University of Arkansas. Knowledgable in the fields of social psychology, peace psychology, and ustice and intergroup responses to transgressions of justice) (Peace, conflict, and violence: Peace psychology in the 21st century. Pg 4-5)

Finally, to recognize the ... empower citizens to reduce it.

This is specifically true in the context of patricharchy. The masculine fantasy is self-justifying and it is our compliance that allows it to live on. It’s the 21stcentury – issues of structural violence against female bodies still exist for a reason, and that is because they are hidden. To have any effect we must shake up the system, refuse to participate, and dismantle it.

Lazar 07

Lazar, Michelle M. Associate professor of English language and literature at National University ofSingapore. “Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis: Articulating a Feminist Discourse Praxis”. Critical Discourse Studies Vol 4 Issue 2. Taylor and Francis. 2007.

To claim that patriarchal ... various professional and organizational settings (Ehrlich, 2001; Walsh, 2001; West, 1990; Wodak, 2005).

This is why my impacts come first. Patriarchy in the realm of the social sets the foundation for governmental systems grounded in masculine representations. It lies at the root cause of all forms of violence, totalitarianism, and exclusion, threatening humanity itself

Crane 09

Crane, Samantha JD. “Book Review: The Deepening Darkness: Patriarchy, Resistance, and Democracy’s Future”. Harvard Law School. 2009.

Gilligam and Richardand#39;s thesis is ambitious ... from Augustus to Mussolini, is very humanizing.

Tournament: Blake | Round: 2 | Opponent: Whitefish Bay Heo | Judge: Meghan Knudtzon
Frye, Marilyn. Former professor of philosophy at Michigan State University and feminist theoriest “The Politics of Reality: essays in feminist theory”. Crossing Press. 1983.
Women are caught ... walls of a dungeon."

. In asking us to evaluate the specifics the hypothetical policies of “developing countries”, it asks us to position ourselves towards countries which develop differently than our own in a violent way. I refuse to be a part of that violence, which infantilizes and delegitimizes the experiences of any member of the global South, because We always know what’s best, because We’re the enlightened ones, and so we have nothing to learn from interactions with them, and that’s fucked up
Wood 01

Wood Cynthia A. PhD in economics w/ focus on critical development studies, gender equity, sustainable development in Latin America, alternative approaches to economics, and postcolonial feminist theory. “Authorizing Gender and Development: “Third World Women,” Native Informants, and Speaking Nearby”. 2001.

Representations of women in development theory and practice have been a particular focus of postcolonial and postmodern feminist critics.
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Gayatri Spivak (1999, 284) suggests, of "white women saving brown women from brown men."

This is the violence which asserts that veiled females are less of people, since we know more and better than them and therefore have the right to regulate bodies; this is the violence that views itself as an enlightening force existing for the female bodies of the global South to teach them of their own oppression, because they are unable to liberate themselves or even identify systematic patterns of oppression where they exist. It speaks for them, because it always knows better than them. It masks itself as benevolence, so it presents itself as unchallengeable, and this is exactly the problem.
Ferguson 12

Ferguson, Allie University of Washington. “White Demon Sophistry: Exploring the Gates Foundation’s Control Over the Production of Knowledge of Women of the Global South”. Plenum. 2012.

By the World Bank’s standards, I met the face of poverty in a small village in Northern Sierra  Leone in 2010. She was a dropout, working on
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intensely personal  undertaking to deconstruct my own relationships with the Global North and the Global South.

Highlighting difference while simultaneously identifying with the “third world” female body challenges the idea of Otherness in the context of development
Wood 02

Wood, Cynthia. “Transforming ‘Them’ into ‘Us’: Some Dangers in Teaching Women and Development”. Integrating International Studies and Women’s Studies. 2002.

The   problem   is   complex.   On   the   one   hand,   the   literature   on   women   and   development   
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different   across   cultures   and   is   historically   specific.   Culture   matters.   History   matters. 

I advocate that as a prerequisite to evaluating any specific of “development”, the judge and all in the room must first “take a metaphorical step back” to see all of the wires of the birdcage and recognize both similarities and differences on both ends.

The way we view the world and its connection to both the masculine and the feminine as well as the global North and the global South is directly dependent upon how we speak about these issues. Metaphor has the power to undermine hegemonic structures and restructure the social through the act of experience taking.
Kaufman 12

Kaufman, Geoff F Postdoctoral researcher in psychology; PhD and MA in psychology from Ohio State University and BA in psychology from Carnegie Mellon University Libby, Lisa K Associate professor of psychology at Ohio State University. “ChangingBeliefs and Behavior Through Experience-Taking.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. PsycArticles.  2012.

The present findings define experience-taking is defined as a mechanism by which narratives can
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think about ourselves and others by merging the lives we lead in reality and the lives we lead in the worlds of narratives.

This is the only way to prevent violence as a product of the ideology of the resolution. The idea of the homogenized female body is exactly what led to the marginalization of women and the minority Other in the first place. Failure to question the language and intent of the resolution results in xenophjobic violence and domination

Young Professor of Political Science at The University of Chicago 2001 Iris Marion Activist Challenges to Deliberative Democracy Political Theory 29.5 Sage Publishing 

The deliberative democrat finds such refusal and protest action uncooper-  ative and counterproductive. Surely it is better to work
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structures, deliberation is as likely to reinforce  injustice as to undermine it.

To win their fairness or education impacts they must weigh them against the marginalization of the feminine; the only way to reflect on and reduce the causes and consequences of structural violence is to engage in conversation about such problems. Abstract debate about the resolution or a plan for some government policy does nothing. Further, having a values debate before recognizing the importance of structural violence is moot because structural violence causes us to divide others into categories that are worthy and unworthy of our values, making them meaningless.
Winter and Leighton

Deborah DuNann Winter and Dana C. Leighton. Winter: Psychologist that specializes in Social Psych, Counseling Psych, Historical and Contemporary Issues, Peace Psychology. Leighton: PhD graduate student in the Psychology Department at the University of Arkansas. Knowledgable in the fields of social psychology, peace psychology, and ustice and intergroup responses to transgressions of justice) (Peace, conflict, and violence: Peace psychology in the 21st century. Pg 4-5)

Finally, to recognize the operation of structural violence forces us to ask questions about how
AND
violence, can also be used to empower citizens to reduce it.

This is specifically true in the context of patricharchy. The masculine fantasy is self-justifying and it is our compliance that allows it to live on. It’s the 21st century – issues of structural violence against female bodies still exist for a reason, and that is because they are hidden. To have any effect we must shake up the system, refuse to participate, and dismantle it.
Lazar 07

Lazar, Michelle M. Associate professor of English language and literature at National University ofSingapore. “Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis: Articulating a Feminist Discourse Praxis”. Critical Discourse Studies Vol 4 Issue 2. Taylor and Francis.  2007.

To claim that patriarchal gender ideology is structural is to say that it is enacted and renewed in a society's
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Swann, 1988), government (Lazar, 1993, 2000), and various professional and organizational settings (Ehrlich,2001; Walsh, 2001; West, 1990; Wodak, 2005).

Tournament: Glenbrooks | Round: 1 | Opponent: Newark Science NS | Judge: Tim Alderete
Frye, Marilyn. Former professor of philosophy at Michigan State University and feminist theoriest “The Politics of Reality: essays in feminist theory”. Crossing Press. 1983.
Women are caught ... walls of a dungeon."

Our discussion in this debate starts out in the criminal justice system. A system in which women are marginalized, and issues of race and class only intersect with other wires in the birdcage to exacerbate gender issues. Rights and justice in this joke of an institution have always been denied based on identity, and marginalization means that groups are never able to effectively influence policy for reform.
Cahn 92

 Cahn, Naomi visiting professor at Georgetown University Law Center. “POLICING WOMEN: MORAL ARGUMENTS AND THE DILEMMAS OF CRIMINALIZATION”. Cornell Law Review. 1992.

This essay concerns the peculiar dilemmas of criminalization for women. Women, and I am deliberately essentializing 1 here, are
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potentially both beneficial and dangerous and is a vibrant topic in feminist jurisprudence. 28

In the context of the resolution, these harms are perpetuated through  a standard to judge a woman’s conduct as good or bad, based on stereotypes, informing social spaces and recreating violent knowledge.
Cahn 92

Cahn, Naomi visiting professor at Georgetown University Law Center. “SYMPOSIUM: THE LOOSENESS OF LEGAL LANGUAGE: THE RESONABLE WOMAN STANDARD IN THEORY AND PRACTICE”. Cornell Law Review. 1992.

Nature: Stereotypes and Categories Notwithstanding its many benefits, the reasonable woman standard is
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with their rapist. The variety, depth, and complexity of conduct that can be reasonable within given circumstances needs to be recognized within legal theory and practice. 

The problem with the advocacy of the 1AC is that it constructs an ungendered black subject which fails to accurately describe the violence against black flesh and ignores the black female body- the 1AC’s unflinching paradigmatic analysis is an analysis of only ONE wire in the birdcage.
Hodges 2012

 – Asia Hodges University of California Irvine, African American Studies, Mama’s Baby and the Black Gender Problematic
http://www.academia.edu/2027925/Mamas_Baby_and_the_Black_Gender_Problematic
Asia Nichole Hodges Undergraduate Critical Theory Conference 2012 Mentor: Tamara Beauchamp Mama’s Baby and the Black Gender Problematic For me

this paper represents an opportunity to bring focus to the ungendered black subject of afropessimist thought
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This problematizing of gender places her, in my view, out of the traditional symbolics of female gender, and it is our task to make a place for this different social subject.“ 5 Spillers, 67.

To understand the way in which these violent policies affect black women, we must start with the image of the matriarch which characterizes black womanhood. She is too powerful and assertive, so she does not receive protection from the system, which only protects women that can be portrayed as victims. This image also legitimizes black poverty, a cause of higher rates of incarceration, allowing claims of institutional racism to be dismissed, since the blame is shifted onto black women.
Hill-Collins 2k

Hill-Collins, Patricia. “Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment”. Routledge. 2000.

Like the mammy, the image of the matriarch is central to intersecting oppressions  of class,
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submissive mammies in one setting, then are  stigmatized again as matriarchs for being strong figures in their own homes.

. Thus, I advocate that as opposed to evaluating any specific, the judge and all in the room must first take a “metaphorical step back” to see all of the wires of the bird cage and recognize the demand of the female body to claim the discourse of rights and to explore intersectionalities.

The way we view the world and its connection to both the masculine and the feminine is directly dependent upon how we speak about these issues. Metaphor has the power to undermine hegemonic structures and restructure the social through the act of experience taking.
Kaufman 12

Kaufman, Geoff F Postdoctoral researcher in psychology; PhD and MA in psychology from Ohio State University and BA in psychology from Carnegie Mellon University Libby, Lisa K Associate professor of psychology at Ohio State University. “ChangingBeliefs and Behavior Through Experience-Taking.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. PsycArticles.  2012.

The present findings
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world of narratives.

My alternative solves best- must critically challenge patriarchy to resolve racism.
hooks 95

  former distinguished prof of English @ City College of New York  1995
bell-currently on staff at Berea College in Kentucky, noted scholar and author;
KILLING RAGE Ending Racism; p. 75-76

Since most black men (along with most black women and children) are socialized to equate
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became a metonym for slavery, and the sexuality of African-American women became a metaphor for white racialized consensus.

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 4 | Opponent: Immaculate Heart Hughes | Judge: Tim Alderete

This is a privilege link – feminine suffering is real. Will to power and dominate is what causes masculinity in the first place. Even if that is not what Nietzsche intended by the will to power that is the way it becomes manifested. The physical domination of the other.

Nussbaum 94
Martha, David Benedict Professor, Professor of Philosophy and Classics, and Adjunct Professor of Comparative Literature at Brown University, Nietzsche, Genealogy, Morality: Essays on Nietzsche’s On the Genealogy of Morals, ed. Richard Schacht, p. 158-59)

We now turn to the heart of the matter, the role of “external goods” in the good human life
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 beggar can be a Stoic hero, if only socialism does not inspire him with weakness.

Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 5 | Opponent: Harker Pyda | Judge: Halli Tripe

No Solvency- Pakistani women's vote controlled by men around them

Chandio 5/20
Chandio, Manzoor. Journalist for Pakistan’s largest circulated English daily, DAWN. Master’s in history from Quaid-e-Azam University. 18 years of experience as a journalist. Published over 150 news analyses and stories on democracy, human rights, poverty, conduct of elections, environment, and media development. "Pakistani Wwomen faced major hurdles at polls". UPI.com. 5/20/13.
KARACHI, Pakistan, May 20 --Women in this month's Pakistani
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and were often coerced into voting for feudal lords and tribal chieftains.