Tournament: Greenhill | Round: 1 | Opponent: Apple Valley Claire Hoffa | Judge: Jared Woods
I affirm the resolution: In a democracy, voting ought to be compulsory.

Presume Aff -2

RVIs -2

Neg must prove converse

Observation 1 : Compulsory Voting is Compulsory Turnout

Lever, Annabelle. "Is Compulsory Voting Justified?" British Journal of Political Science(2009): n. pag. JSTOR. Web. 19 Aug. 2013 March of 2009

“The term “compulsory voting” can be …that I will be using here.”

I value democracy, defined by Dahl as:

A Democratic Dilemma: System Effectiveness versus Citizen Participation
Robert A. Dahl, Political Science Quarterly, Volume 109, Issue 1 (Spring, 1994), 23-34., JSTOR
Stable URL: http://Iinksjstor.org/sici?sici=0032-319528199421291093A13C233AADDSEV3E2.O.CO3B2- W

By the late twentieth century…political parties and interest groups.'

The criterion is maximizing democratic voting participation. There are  3 justifications.

1. Voting enables the protection of rights. 

Hill :

Hill, Lisa. "On the Justifiability of Compulsory Voting: Reply to Lever." University of Adelaide (2010): n. pag. Web.

Voting not only protects our …where this right is concerned.
2. Political Participation is key to the governmental legitimacy of a democracy. Engelen  (Bart ?Research Assistant of the Fund for Scientific Research – Flanders (Belgium), Centre for Economics and Ethics – Institute of Philosophy (K.U.Leuven), Centre for Economics and?Ethics – K.U.Leuven, Naamsestraat 69, Leuven B – 3000, Belgium.?E-mail: bart.engelen@econ.kuleuven.be; Acta Politica, 2007, 42, (23–39) r 2007 Palgrave Macmillan Ltd 0001-6810/07 $30.00 www.palgrave-journals.com/ap)

Political participation is also crucial … for any democracy claiming legitimacy.

3. Not Maximizing Voting Participation Could Demolish Democracy. Hill 2

Hill, Lisa. "On the Justifiability of Compulsory Voting: Reply to Lever." University of Adelaide (2010): n. pag. Web. 

Some rights exist not just …vote exists, that is, democracy.
Contention 1. Compulsory Voting Increases Democratic Participation.
Lever 2:

Lever, Annabelle. "Is Compulsory Voting Justified?" British Journal of Political Science(2009): n. pag. JSTOR. Web. 19 Aug. 2013 March of 2009

 If the first steps in the … it can dramatically lessen these, too.
Harvard Law Review furthers
Harvard Law Review, 2007 The Case for Compulsory Voting in the United States, Vol. 121, No. 2 (Dec., 2007), pp. 591-612

 One solution to the problem … have already adopted compulsory voting.

And compulsory voting results in more widespread participation.

Louth and Hill:

Louth, Jonathon, and Lisa Hill. "Compulsory Voting in Australia: Turnout With and Without It." N.p., 2001. Web. Saved as louth_hill.pdf.

Other well-administered systems in established democratic … their voices heard at election time.9

AND
 Voting Can Be Justifiably Compelled
Hill 3:
Hill, Lisa. "On the Justifiability of Compulsory Voting: Reply to Lever." University of Adelaide (2010): n. pag. Web. 

According to Lever, compulsory …other voluntary forms can flourish.

Underview:

Aff doesn’t violate autonomy

Observation : The affirmative doesn’t have to defend a specific text or plan implementation three reasons.