Tournament: Princeton | Round: 1 | Opponent:  | Judge: 
Plan Text: In the United States Criminal Justice System, all relevant jurisdiction levels should adopt a mandatory reporting statue governing instances of child abuse that prioritizes truth seeking over attorney client privilege.

Tournament: Columbia | Round: 1 | Opponent: Danny DeBois | Judge: Monisha Reginald, Ty Joplin, Karleta Petersen
Thus, the plan: Less industrialized countries in South Asia should adopt environmental regulations to improve working and living conditions in coal extraction industries.

Tournament: Princeton | Round: 1 | Opponent:  | Judge: 
Plan Text: The USFG ought to eliminate the corporate attorney client privilege to give truth-seeking precedence in the criminal justice system.

Tournament: Princeton | Round: 2 | Opponent:  | Judge: 
Plan Text: All state legislatures should adopt an exception to attorney-client privilege that allows attorneys to disclose information from a client that could prevent a wrongful incarceration or execution. Use immunity will prevent any incriminating information from being used against the client.

Tournament: Lexington | Round: 1 | Opponent: All | Judge: All
Definition of Environmental Protection 

OECD: Glossary of Environment Statistics, Studies in Methods, Series F, No. 67, United Nations, New York, 1997. https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=836. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. 

Definition: Environmental protection...landscape and ecosystems.

Definition of Resource Extraction 

Behrens: “The material basis of the global economy: Worldwide patterns of natural resource extraction and their implications for sustainable resource use policies.” Arno Behrens Sustainable Europe Research Institute (SERI), Austria, Stefan Giljum Sustainable Europe Research Institute (SERI), Austria, Jan Kovanda bCharles University Environment Center, Czech Republic, Samuel Niza National Institute for Engineering and Industrial Technology (INETI), Portugal. ECOLOGICAL ECONOMIC S 6 4 (2007)  444–453. 

The comprehensive assessment...(agriculture, forestry, and fishery).

Definition of "should"

Oxford Dictionaries: http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/should

used to indicate...criticizing someone’s actions.

First, all moral theories assume life is valuable, or they would have no reason to guide action. The value of human life demands the protection of minority cultures since the choices that autonomy entails require meaningful options that only a culture provides. 

Kymlicka: “The Rights of Minority Cultures: Reply to Kukathas.” Will Kymlicka Professor of Philosophy and Canada Research Chair in Political Philosophy at Queen's University at Kingston. Political Theory , Vol. 20, No. 1 (Feb., 1992) , pp. 140-146 Published by: Sage Publications, Inc. Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/191782.

CHANDRAN KUKATHAS SETS...be found worldwide.

Second, states must include marginalized groups, or their decisions will ignore the interests of the excluded. The aff is an epistemic pre-requisite to accurate calculations under all frameworks since it ensures all moral subjects are accounted for.

Butler: Judith Butler. Frames of War. p. 3. Verso Press: New York, 2009. 

The epistemological capacity...recognized as lives.

Third, our discussion of less industrialized nations must focus on the concerns of Indigenous communities. Colonial relations of knowledge production continue to shape American education since existing processes silence anti-colonialist dissent and disadvantage communities without information technology. Their framework suffers from an epistemic bias since power relations taint its philosophical claims. 

Dei: “RETHINKING THE ROLE OF INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGES IN THE ACADEMY.” George J. Sefa Dei Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto. NALL Working Paper # 58 – 2002.

My intent in...generation and dialogue.

Thus, the standard is empowering indigenous communities. 

My advocacy is that less industrialized countries in Latin America should substantially increase community-managed forests modeled on Mexico. The government will provide technical and financial assistance. Local communities now own their forests and conduct sustainable timber production but must obey environmental regulations. Community-managed forests uniquely help indigenous communities.

Bray 1: “Mexico’s Community-Managed Forests as a Global Model for Sustainable Landscapes.” DAVID BARTON BRAY Department of Environmental Studies, Florida International University, LETICIA MERINO-PÉREZ Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Pachuca, PATRICIA NEGREROS-CASTILLO Forestry Department, Iowa State University, GERARDO SEGURA-WARNHOLTZ Programa de Conservación y Manejo Forestal, Secretary of the Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT), Progreso No. 5., Col. Del Carmen Coyoacan, DF 04100, México., JUAN MANUEL TORRES-ROJO Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económica (CIDE), Carretera México-Toluca, 3655 Lomas de Santa Fe, DF 01210, México., AND HENRICUS F. M. VESTER Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Mexico Carretera Chetumal-Bacalar Km. 2, Zona Industrial No. 2, Chetumal, Quintana Roo 77049, México. Conservation Biology, Pages 672–677 Volume 17, No. 3, June 2003. 

Introduction For years,...in their communities.

Meta-analysis proves community forests in Mexico halt deforestation and increase forest cover. 

Bray 2: “Toward ‘post-REDD+ landscapes:’ Mexico’s community forest enterprises provide a proven pathway to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation.” David Barton Bray Professor in the Department of Earth and Environment at Florida International University. No. 30, November 2010 www.cifor.cgiar.org. Center for International Forestry Research.

Studies of deforestation...Hernandez Apolinar 2004).

And, after centuries of living on their land, many indigenous peoples consider their natural environment an important part of their cultural heritage. 

Dei 2: “RETHINKING THE ROLE OF INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGES IN THE ACADEMY.” George J. Sefa Dei Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto. NALL Working Paper # 58 – 2002.

A working definition...and Goldin-Rosenberg 1999).

And, communities willingly accept environmental regulations since they want to protect their home and livelihood. 

Bray 3: “Mexico’s Community-Managed Forests as a Global Model for Sustainable Landscapes.” DAVID BARTON BRAY Department of Environmental Studies, Florida International University, LETICIA MERINO-PÉREZ Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Pachuca, PATRICIA NEGREROS-CASTILLO Forestry Department, Iowa State University, GERARDO SEGURA-WARNHOLTZ Programa de Conservación y Manejo Forestal, Secretary of the Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT), Progreso No. 5., Col. Del Carmen Coyoacan, DF 04100, México., JUAN MANUEL TORRES-ROJO Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económica (CIDE), Carretera México-Toluca, 3655 Lomas de Santa Fe, DF 01210, México., AND HENRICUS F. M. VESTER Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Mexico Carretera Chetumal-Bacalar Km. 2, Zona Industrial No. 2, Chetumal, Quintana Roo 77049, México. Conservation Biology, Pages 672–677 Volume 17, No. 3, June 2003.

In Quintana Roo,...structure and composition.

Now that communities own and manage their forests, they use profits to provide education, infrastructure, employment, and healthcare. Empirics prove.  

Bray 4: Community Forest Enterprises as Entrepreneurial Firms: Economic and Institutional Perspectivesfrom Mexico.” CAMILLE ANTINORI University of California, Berkeley and DAVID BARTON BRAY Florida International University. World Development Vol. 33, No. 9, pp. 1529–1543, 2005.

There has been...communities distribute profits.

And, community forests reduce corporate exploitation and violence against indigenous communities. 

Bray 5:   “Mexico’s Community-Managed Forests as a Global Model for Sustainable Landscapes.” DAVID BARTON BRAY Department of Environmental Studies, Florida International University, LETICIA MERINO-PÉREZ Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Pachuca, PATRICIA NEGREROS-CASTILLO Forestry Department, Iowa State University, GERARDO SEGURA-WARNHOLTZ Programa de Conservación y Manejo Forestal, Secretary of the Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT), Progreso No. 5., Col. Del Carmen Coyoacan, DF 04100, México., JUAN MANUEL TORRES-ROJO Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económica (CIDE), Carretera México-Toluca, 3655 Lomas de Santa Fe, DF 01210, México., AND HENRICUS F. M. VESTER Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Mexico Carretera Chetumal-Bacalar Km. 2, Zona Industrial No. 2, Chetumal, Quintana Roo 77049, México. Conservation Biology, Pages 672–677 Volume 17, No. 3, June 2003.

And, it’s try or die. Even unsuccessful community-managed forests are better than uncontrollable, clandestine logging. 

Klooster: “Community forest management in Mexico: carbon mitigation and biodiversity conservation through rural development.” Daniel Klooster Department of Geography, Florida State University and Omar Masera Departamento de Ecologia de los Recursos Naturales, Instituto de Ecologia, UNAM, Campus Morelia, A.P. 152 Patzcuaro 61609, Michoacn, Mexico. Global Environmental Change 10 (2000) 259—272.

Despite their problems...1999; Wexler, 1996). 

Underview

1. Objections from other countries don’t apply since Mexico’s system is unique. 

Bray 6: “Mexico’s Community-Managed Forests as a Global Model for Sustainable Landscapes.” DAVID BARTON BRAY Department of Environmental Studies, Florida International University, LETICIA MERINO-PÉREZ Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Pachuca, PATRICIA NEGREROS-CASTILLO Forestry Department, Iowa State University, GERARDO SEGURA-WARNHOLTZ Programa de Conservación y Manejo Forestal, Secretary of the Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT), Progreso No. 5., Col. Del Carmen Coyoacan, DF 04100, México., JUAN MANUEL TORRES-ROJO Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económica (CIDE), Carretera México-Toluca, 3655 Lomas de Santa Fe, DF 01210, México., AND HENRICUS F. M. VESTER Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Mexico Carretera Chetumal-Bacalar Km. 2, Zona Industrial No. 2, Chetumal, Quintana Roo 77049, México. Conservation Biology, Pages 672–677 Volume 17, No. 3, June 2003.

In most less-developed...in their communities.

2. Empirics from Guatemala and Bolivia prove community-managed forests work in other countries. 

Bray 7: “The Mexican model of community forest management: The role of agrarian policy, forest policy and entrepreneurial organization.” David Barton Bray Department of Environmental Studies, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States a,*, Camille Antinori b Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3310, United States, Juan Manuel Torres-Rojo Division of Economics, Centro de Investigacio´n y Docencia Econo´mica, Carret. Mexico-Toluca 3655, Lomas de Santa Fe, Mexico City C.P. 01210, Mexico. Forest Policy and Economics 8 (2006) 470– 484.

It has been...et al., 2005).

Tournament: TOC | Round: 1 | Opponent: - | Judge: -
Developing countries across the trans-Carpathian oblast should ban small-scale mining.